Decentralized Approach for Achieving Seamlessness

Decentralized woo for Achieving SeamlessnessCONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORKThesis OutcomeThe major matter of this research effort is to analyse the feasibility and benefits of achieving broadloomness with the proposed decentralized show up augmenting the conventional centralized approach for miscellaneous net chokes. In lieu of this, the outcomes get tod includeA crossing Approach (Linux Kernel Module and SCTP) to decrease the latency during Vertical Handoff process and IP mobility to achieve seamless continuity.Location Awareness in Hybrid Approach to reduce the triggering of unnecessary handoffs during vertical handoff that result in performance degradation.Contributions of the Present WorkIn this thesis, several aspects and approaches for seamless continuity are discussed. The major contributions of the work carried out in this thesis areDifferent approaches to achieve seamless continuity in heterogeneous networking milieu.A brief review on the blossom forth issues and challen ges related to seamless continuity.Design and development of daemon based decentralized approach for intranet environment.Design and development of an efficient and fast manner known as kernel based decentralized approach for improving the latency during handoffs.Development of Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) approach for addressing dynamic address reconfigu proportionalityn in heterogeneous environment.Design and development of a novel hybrid method using the combination of SCTP and kernel module.Development of a position aware method to incorporate into the hybrid approach for heterogeneous networks.Solution OverviewThe proposed solution is a hybrid approach to achieve seamless session continuity in heterogeneous networks. This approach is completely decentralized complementing the centralized approach which is completely based on server agents. It can be applied to both intra and Internet environment without any changes to the network layer. To prove this approach fo r seamlessness, testing was done on three network interfaces Ethernet (eth), WLAN (wlan), WCDMA (wcdma).For IntranetA vertical handoff daemon was developed to achieve seamlessness oer heterogeneous networks. This daemon application runs as a background process at the drug user space and it in addition takes care of the handoff process amongst various radio interfaces. Firstly, this proposed daemon continuously polls for the registered interfaces and then checks the status (live or dead) of these devices. Later, it also updates the status to the network layer of the protocol stack to life the service continuing between the mobile device and the server. The designed architecture is well suited for all the IP based multimedia applications but discharge only in intranet environment. IP mobility is an issue which has to be still addressed which can non be solved in this approach.For InternetTo achieve seamless continuity over heterogeneous networks, this proposed solution is a comb ination of Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) and Linux kernel module. This kernel module gets registered with the Linux kernel and updates the status of various interfaces by signalling the SCTP application running at the user level. This SCTP application allow for then accomplish the handoff process between various network interfaces.The reason behind this approach is SCTP has an advantage of IP address reconfiguration which solves the IP mobility issue and Kernel module has an advantage of latency. This accomplishes the handoff process in a faster and elegant fashion. But this will non solve the problem of unnecessary triggering of handoffs. In this regard the following handoff decision process was integrated into hybrid approach to improve performance musical composition achieving seamlessness.Location based Handoff DecisionThis proposed algorithm is completely based on location based information. This is a research effort to study the feasibility of location based s olution which consists of combining the conventional handoff decision with a location based military rating mechanism. This mechanism relies on positioning method for obtaining mobile user position fixes. Once the users location, speed and direction are calculated, the evaluation mechanism will predict the users path. It will then decide whether the user will remain in the same network coverage area for necessary duration to result in performance improvement. If not, this proposed evaluation method will notify the mobile device to trigger a handoff. The knowledge on users location, speed and direction is necessary to go along inefficient and unnecessary handoffs.ConclusionIn this research effort, a seamless vertical handoff system across heterogeneous networks is presented. It is implemented in current Linux operational system. In the proposed system, the handoff latency is much shorter than other current systems focusing on the issue of vertical handoff. Different from other vert ical handoff systems, handoff agents or servers are not required in this system. Only with the mobile host itself, the vertical handoff can be realized. Moreover, the overhead during handoff is also quite low. The system is evaluated through a serial publication of experiments. The experimental results demonstrated the handoff is handled in a fast and elegant manner.The proposed system is tested in the real-world analyses. The experiments were conducted under different environments and evaluated with various multimedia applications. This work is not only for home network solution but it is extended to an Internet solution. Moreover, prior to triggering handoff, the algorithms ability to predict user direction, speed and chew out to WLAN coverage area allowed it to provide an observable benefit both on users perspective and also on networks perspective. This location based evaluation of the algorithm helped to not only prevent the occurrence of unnecessary handoffs which would resul t in performance degradation but also reduce wastage of resources.The novel hybrid decentralized approach based on location awareness presented in this work handled the issues of latency, dynamic address reconfiguration and unnecessary triggering of handoffs for seamless continuity in heterogeneous networks.Future WorkKeeping in view the wide proliferation of heterogeneous networks and soaring level of interworking required for next extension mobile users, the scope of the future work can be more focussed on pursuing open challenges such as battery ability consumption, Quality of Service (QoS) and security for effective ubiquitous experience and seamless continuity.Battery power consumption of the mobile client is a significant meter for handoff. Whenever the battery power drops to particular threshold, the mobile client should immediately shift to lower power demand network interface.As the demand for multimedia applications increases in that respect is a need to guarantee QoS such as high available bandwidth, Bit Error Rate (BER), network load balancing, Signal to Noise ratio (SNR) and so on.Security is another important criterion which needs to be addressed. Hence, when handoff data is exchanged between devices it is always preferable to have network with high level of encryption.In this research effort, some work was done on best Access Point selection algorithm. With the enormous increase of WLAN APs everywhere, there is a need to look at new approaches to select the best AP among multiple APs for achieving horizontal handoffs.