Developing an English Language Curriculum Essay

The problem at hand involves developing a curriculum for English language that is suited for all people, coming from all over the country; even those without the basic knowledge of the language. The problem entails finding out the basis of developing such a curriculum, analyzing the content and coverage of such a curriculum, testing the suitability of it to the users, outlining a sample curriculum and finding out the possible outcome of such a curriculum. The problem will also discuss the likelihood of making compromises, possible compromises, the groups affected and how to counteract the effects of such compromises. Theoretical Background and Analysis Curriculum development for languages has for a good length of time been based on; developing language responsiveness, developing confidence and competence in the use of English language, trying to instil into the learners the cognitive capability, training learners to develop language imaginative and emotional skills via oral, reading and writing skills. In trying to develop any teaching curriculum, one can focus on the above as guideline. Traditionally, the curriculum activities have been determined by use of a particular set of goals needed to be achieved. Hence one would sit down and analyze the particular things he wanted to achieve then go ahead and develop a systematic way to end up with the desired results. Failure to achieve these results would be followed by corrective measures to the curriculum. However, further developments to this has led to another way of developing a curriculum based on the path or route used to achieving desired results other than the one based on developing a curriculum on goal basis. A curriculum can be developed on the basis of tasks (Nunan, 1998). One approach focuses on analyzing the psycholinguistics involved in the acquisition of a second language and activation of such in a classroom. The other approach basically focuses on the purpose the learners need the language for. Nunan and Lockwood (1991) have come up with a model to implement the latter approach. This involves allowing learners develop the skills of the language, offer a chance to analyze and listen on how sample tasks are solved, giving a grammatically instructed guidance for performance of various tasks, and stimulating them to develop skills that are emerging in them via rehearsal. We must however put into consideration the problem at hand; that the students will be expected to learn a second language, in this case English. Much as they will try to be given the above guidelines we can also be guided by a model suited for them. Two models can be focused as a basis for this: (a) The rehearsal rationale path which focuses on what they will be intending to do with the language they are learning. (b) Psycholinguistic model which answers the question on the required mechanisms to acquire a second language. I do therefore propose that such a curriculum would entail courses that will make the learners be assimilated into a culture of having a positive response to using the English language as pertaining communication on a daily basis, training them how to communicate, write, think critically and solve problems using the language. Basically, since the language entails being able to read, write (which would demand knowledge on the grammar, use the language mechanics, penmanship and spelling), to listen and speak all these would be part and passel of the curriculum. Arising Effects and Addressing the Problem It is hard to develop a compromise curriculum for everyone. While some would view such changes as only a waste of time and derailing their time in school since they know the basics, the learners would find an opportunity to assimilate what is necessary to give them an easier time in school. A compromise must however reduce the likelihood of going into what the newcomers can found out for themselves. Since they already have come to study various courses in the institution, it can be assumed as well that most of them will be aware of the challenges involved. Instead of say establishing a separate academic year to go through the curriculum, the curriculum can be made to fit into their program as they go through other courses of their study. One can therefore fit in two courses of studying English in their first year of study. The first course, for example can contain courses for the students to learn communication, writing and reading skills, while in the subsequent term, the second course can entail courses challenging students to thinking critically, analytical skills, interpretation skills, and using the language to formulate ideas. It must be considered that students will have to be exposed to acquiring a second language by presenting one which is a bit more complex that which they have and they will gain maximally. This was a belief in input hypothesis by Krashen (1981, 1982) which has acted on for many researches. The next step would entail finding out what majority of the learners will be, their background languages and how the curriculum can be suited to favour them. A research will need to be conducted to establish what the current situation is on the ground, necessity of having such a curriculum, its implications to the students already in the institution and how they think they can be helped. It would be of little need to establish a curriculum that only duplicates work and overloads the students. In deed, this can be solved by carrying out an extensive research on the need for it, even before it is designed. Once there is enough evidence that such a curriculum is of necessity, one can go ahead and design it. It would be better to incorporate the views of the intended beneficiaries to this project. The curriculum should be geared towards making sure that the students also benefit in usage of the language in other disciplines other than English itself. Therefore, a good connectivity between English language skills should be ensured by the curriculum being implemented. Implementation and Review Once the program has been implemented, there is need to keep on acquiring the feed back from the beneficiaries pertaining various courses, their benefits and what they think can be done to improve on the arising difficulties, analyzing the elements of the feed back and carrying out the corrective measures as pertaining course improvement. Conclusion In the above analysis, I have provided a basis model which can be used in developing an English language curriculum, and sort to solve problems related to its introduction in any learning environment. The implementation and review section seeks to give an outline how one can put into action such a curriculum and review it. Remember that a good curriculum is the one that accomplishes its intended purpose satisfactorily. It does not mean that it is free from difficulties, but these must be dealt with. Reference NCCA (2008): Curriculum Online. Retrieved from, http://82. 195. 132. 34/index. asp?locID=399&docID=-1, on September 10, 2008 Krashen, S. (1981). Second language acquisition and second language learning. Oxford: Pergamon Press. Krashen, S. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press. Nunan D. (1998). Communicative Tasks and the Language Curriculum. Macquarie University Urbana-Champaign University of Illinois. Retrieved from http://www. iei. uiuc. edu/TESOLOnline/texts/nunan/index. html on September 10, 2008. Nunan, D. , & Lockwood, J. (1991). The Australian English course: Task based English for post-beginners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

The Relationship Between Incarnation and Creation

Incarnation and creation are some of the most discussed subjects in the field of theology and religion. This is a subject area in which God as a source of inspiration, man, and the world the actual nature of the relationship exists between different theologies. Meanwhile creation comes in the mind when we think of the old earth and the new earth. Old earth in a sense states that God created it and then filled it with animals and plants. Meanwhile, the new earth is all about the new creation when Jesus became incarnate because of our relationship with God.In this essay, the intention is to try and find out how incarnation is related to creation in the biblical doctrines. What really is the incarnation and how does it come out clearly from the biblical point of view. What is creation which we see in the opening books of the bible and how is it related to the birth of Jesus Christ. This paper is bound to define the terms appropriately while looking at the relationship between incarnatio n and creation. Books in focus will be by T. F. Torrance who based his research on Christian theology.According to Gunther Pratz in his paper the relationship between incarnation and atonement in the theology, Thomas Torrance believed that Niceno-constantinople creed with its central place accorded to Jesus Christ seemed to be the prime and most valid starting point for discussion in Christology [1]. The Greek patristic theology will be our concern in this paper. The word incarnation was adopted during the 12th century from the Norman-French, which in turn had taken the word over from the Latin ‘incarnatio’ [2].This word ‘incarnatio’ corresponds to the Greek sarkosis or ensarkosis from the gospel according to John 1:14 and the word was made flesh. Surely this mystery lies beyond human investigation and are believed on the strength of God’s word. The word was in place and the word became man is the biblical mystery which the gospel according John expl ains vividly. Torrance seems to share the view as the Greek Fathers and their non-dualistic theology in which incarnation and atonement are very inseparable. Christ is the beginning ‘The Alpha’, ‘The first’.His person is itself the source of creation. Just as the word as indicated in the Gospel according to John that the word became flesh, it is indeed true that Jesus is eternally other from the Father and the foundation for all else that is other than Him. The bible in Genesis does talk about God in plural meaning He the triune God existed before, during creation and after creation and hence the incarnation. God simply uses the word WE without telling it openly of who he is with at the time of creation.But when finally He becomes flesh, then it becomes truth that He was and his word has become flesh. It is therefore true to say that Christ is nature and forever from the Father in the spirit. This shows that the spreading of goodness of the triune God, whos e being is outwardly curled. God became flesh simply because he wanted to reveal himself to the sinful nature of man. He wanted man to realize that he was the truth to believe in at all times in-order to be saved.The incarnated God who is the son would be the mediator between God and men, the man being Christ Jesus who gave himself to liberate man from sin and to renew the broken relationship of man with God. Karl Barth writes, â€Å"If we understand eternity as pre-time – and we must understand in this way too – we have to recognize that eternity itself bears the name Jesus Christ. † [3] Torrance believes that this relational coherence and oneness of the Father and the Son in the Spirit of God as fundamental to knowing God for who He truly is [4].He writes in The Trinitarian Faith, ‘Thus, they (the Nicene fathers) rejected any idea that the Son is from a being other than God, or that he is Son of God only through partaking of God, and stated quite definit ely and unambiguously that the Son is of the very being of God and is God in precisely the same sense in which the Father is God, for he is uniquely and completely one with him [5]. While looking at this issue, I noticed that Athanasius also believed in the incarnation. He looks at it from the point of the creeds which drew much attention in the early years of the world.Torrance points out with Athanasius that this shows a dual movement from God to humanity and from humanity to God which is concerned in the mediation of Christ Jesus. The gospel is very clear that Christ is really God having become human like. Jesus Christ is God’s act which is God acting personally and immediately as man through him and thus at once in a celestial and in person manner. Torrance goes on to say that even though Jesus comes as human being, he does not indeed combine the two realities of being divine and at the same time being human.But he admits that we must rather think of Christ as God coming to us as human. It is therefore true to say that God the creator has come to His own creation as one of the creatures he has made but at the same time remains the creator, the creating and underneath force behind everything. Yet I wish to make it clear that even though he came down as one of the creatures, he never stopped being divine. Because of whom Jesus is and what He mediates is one and the same, we must be aware that He is not just an agent of that mediation to us but is the mediator of a divine revelation and reunion.He is in his own personal identity and reality. It is because of this that the gospel witnesses to us that Jesus Christ does not just come to us by bearing the word of God but as being the word of God. Torrance believes that if we agree to separate the Person and the word or work of Christ Jesus, our way of appreciating the gospel will diminish and finally break down at the end. I have taken the pain of exploring what incarnation could be before taking the issue s about creation which would actually be the beginning of my paper.This I did because I believe that incarnation is the core of Christian beliefs and the center of many discussions. Torrance who follows the lead of Athanasius, understands the atoning redemption to happen within the meditorial life and Person of the incarnate Christ Jesus. Athanasius believes that Jesus Christ came to save the whole human being, body and soul including human affections and mind, that Jesus Christ, the incarnate son of God, came to redeem by becoming fully human being himself which in the end effected our salvation in and through the very humanity he appropriated from us.So God becoming human being was for a reason that the broken relationship be once again be mended. He has made our sin and death his own that we may partake of his divine life and righteousness. However it is true to say that if everything He did including appropriating from us our body and soul making them his own were incomplete and inferior, then everything that Christ did by offering himself as a sacrifice for our sake would be meaningless.â€Å"We can see that, like the Greek Fathers, Torrance closely links the personal and the ontological in his account of the incarnational redemption. † By making himself one with us and through the incarnation, Jesus Christ did not just correct our human nature to himself but indeed took our lost state which is headed for conviction and death. His main intention was to take our place of sin and substitute it by discharging our debts and also by presenting Himself in atoning sacrifice to God for us.He hence crushed the power of sin and its strongholds in death and redeemed man from its control. Torrance in his on conviction and the convictions of the Greek fathers insisted that incarnation and atonement have to be thought together in terms of their intrinsic coherence in the divine-human Person of the mediator. May I now turn to the discussion on creation which is s uperbly the basis of our being here on earth. Without creation, we cannot discuss incarnation and without incarnation we may not have power to discuss atonement that I have touched on shallowly.Creation is hence not a floating reality which has no ground but something beginning in the son, crafted by Him, joins together in Him and headed towards Him as His inheritance. While God’s being reaches out towards the other which is simultaneously a being that draws the other in bonds of love. Some theories about the making of the universe and the creation of all things have emerged over the years. For example some people say that all things were self-originated and disorganized. Among the people are Epicureans who deny that there was a mind behind all this.This is very opposite to all experiences which may include their existence. For if everything came the way they say, then everything would be in one form and without distinction. Others take the view of Plato who said that God mad e everything out of pre-existence and uncreated matter, just as carpenter makes things only out of wood that already exists. The Gnostics simply closed their eyes to the obvious meaning of scripture. An example is when God reminded the Jews of the statement in Genesis, â€Å"He who created them in the beginning made male and female and because of that they should leave their parents and cleave to one another.Gen. 2:23ff. What therefore God has put together let no man separate. The gospel according to St. John says that â€Å"All things became by Him and without Him came nothing into being. † How then can the artificer be different other than the Father of Christ? There is need to understand that by faith the world s were framed by the word of God so that the things we see did not come into being out of things that had previously appeared . Creation being the genesis of everything on earth gives the opening connotation that everything begun from then.The way of life and how m an was given the power of dominion over all the creatures of the earth is the source of our base of argument. Biblical creation in Genesis, tells us how God did his things. One would ask if it is true that the six days of creation was the normal counting days we believe in today. But the Bible is very straight in stating to us that God’s time is not our time. The bible may have meant that one thousand years represented one day. Creation in the book of Genesis can be hence being termed as both physical and spiritual.The relationship between incarnation and creation comes in place on several occasions. They are closely intertwined and cannot be separated easily. Incarnation is the new creation when God becomes incarnate. The word becomes flesh and so a new beginning for the walk of life. God comes in flesh to die for the sins of the world and hence making the way for new creation. Incarnation opens the doors to the new creation which is the formation of the Kingdom of God. Man becomes a child of God when he surrenders to follow Christ in His fullness.God fulfills his new covenant with man by becoming incarnate to redeem man from the bondage of sin. The old covenant was with Abraham when He called him to go to the land of promise. This does not end here but brings clearly what God wanted us to go through when He brings out the Israelites from slavery in Egypt through Moses. But this does end here; the presence of Jesus Christ is felt even at the time of Babylon’s opposition to God. The presence of God in every walk of life right from the beginning brings a clear understanding of I AM sayings in the New Testament.When we are face to face with Jesus Christ when reading the bible, we are actually face to face with God. This means that the triune God or the trinity of God is the basis on which the Christian faith is embedded upon. The I AM sayings from the gospel according is the authority God asserts when He speaks to us to show us that He is in Jesus Christ and in Christ He lives and dwells. These sayings are as a result of His need that we know vividly about his coming and how He lived in our midst. The story does not end here but gives an account of how he died ad later resurrected.Whilst it is true to say that this sayings were mystery, they were indeed the truth that God is Who He was and Who HE is now and forever. The incarnation makes it clear that He is indeed Lord of Lords. John McKenna says â€Å"The eternity of the world and the temporal nature of our kind at the center of the cosmos was an enigma to be resolved by learning to cavort with the heavenly and changeless forms, by leaving the morass of the temporal and saving all appearances in the eternity of a creator's heavens†. This forms the basis of Messianic hope.He is indeed the light of the world during the time in the Old Testament but also during the time in the New Testament where the bible gives the background of where Jesus is coming from. In the gospel according to Matthews, the opening of the text begins by explaining the ancestors of Jesus. This implies that God brings us the His history to help us know of the new creation or the new Adam. Jesus comes from the house of David and of Abraham. Christ confronts the Jews his people because he comes from within and so he knows the way of life here.This makes it easy for him to talk them from their perspective without fear. The bible goes on to say in various texts for instance in the letter of Paul to Corinthians that in 2 Corinthians 4:4-6 we read: The god of this age has blinded the minds of unbelievers, so that they cannot see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God. For we do not preach ourselves, but Jesus Christ as Lord, and ourselves as your servants for Jesus' sake. For God, who said ‘Let light shine out of darkness.Made his light shine in our hearts to give us the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Christ. His beco mes the light that shines in the world to bring His glory. He is the beginning, the ‘Alpha’ and has lived now and shall live forever ‘Omega’. He is the almighty at all costs and has the key to every door. Apocalyptic text in the bible which is Revelation draws it statements from the fact that there will be neither sun nor moon in the city of God since it does not need them.Work citedMichael Green, The Truth of God Incarnate (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1977), ed. , pp. 36-39.Ibid, pp. 39-41.Clement of Alexandria, toward the close of the 2nd cent. A. D. cites diverse views concerning the date of Christ’s birth among early churchmen (Stromata, Bk. 1, Ch. 21).Leon Morris, The Gospel According To John, (Eerdmans, 1971), p. 365, 473-4.Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics, II. 1, p. 622.T. F. Torrance, The Christian Doctrine of God, One Being, Three Persons (T & T Clark, 1996), pp. 118-127.

How Language Transformed Humanity Essay

The evolutionary biologist Mark Pagel states, in his speech, that language is the most powerful, risky and revolutionary characteristic of the human being ever evolved. The purpose of the speaker is to inform about the great and potent features of this trait. Pagel explains to us that when we talk, we are able to transfer thoughts in someone else’s mind and vice-versa using such a form of telemetry. In other words this process is similar to what happens between TV remote control and television. According to this biologist language is one of the most subversive means that we can use to express ourselves. One very representative example is the censorship and the awareness that we have to pay attention to when we say or write anything. Going on, Mr Pagel poses two important questions: he asks the reason why language evolves itself, and why it evolved in our species and not in others. The answer is that only human beings have a special feature named â€Å"social learning†, which lets us improve ourselves by watching and copying the actions that someone else did. Such a revolutionary characteristic could also prevent us from making the same mistakes and allows us to do the same action better than before. So we make progresses, whereas the smarter animals remain doing some activities over and over again, without big advancements. As a result of the social learning or, as anthropologists call it, cumulative cultural adaptation we can make stuff, and all the things that surround us are consequences of this process. Now we are moving towards a critical point, which is: â€Å"Why do we have language? †. First, Mr. Pagel states that social learning is visual theft. We can learn stealing ideas and benefit from the best qualities of someone else, without working on something or persevering on it. Secondly he reveals us that when human beings discovered this aspect of social learning (thousands of years ago) arose a dilemma: â€Å"How can we preserve our best ideas and avoid that others steal them? †. Our ancestors could have behaved in the following ways: concentrating themselves in small groups so as to bequeath the acquired information to offspring. But the result would have been isolation and a slight improvement. Or they could have created a system of communication to start cooperating with one another and share everything useful. Obviously they had chosen the second option and in this way language was born. So the solution to the previous dilemma is communication. Then Mr. Pagel points out how peculiar the fact is that we have 8000 different languages spoken on Earth. More surprising is that the greatest density is located in the smallest areas such as islands. This is related to the tendency of people to isolate in small groups in order to protect identities and cultures. On the other side nowadays we communicate a lot more than in the past. But our modern world founded on connectivity and cooperation is limited by the variety of languages. This raises the question: â€Å"is it possible in our globalized and standardized world to have all these different languages? †. Mr. Pagel has no answer but it seems inevitable that our destiny might be a one language world.

Change managment Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Change managment - Literature review Example The rapid development of science and technology, changes in life styles and life philosophies of people, changes in the consumer psychologies and buying behaviors etc made change inevitable in organizational world. Management of changes in the organizational world is difficult because of various reasons. Employees often resist changes because of their preconceived perception that any changes taking place in the organizational world are intended for maximizing the profits of the organization through increasing the workloads of the employees. Competitors often raise stiff competition which forces an organization to think of changing its normal procedures, policies and business philosophies to stay or survive in the market. In any case, change is avoidable in organizational world and the success and the failures of an organization depend on the ability of the organization in implementing or managing the changes positively. Change management has typically been defined as a process involv ing unfreezing, moving, and refreezing values, practices, and procedures within organizations. Unfreezing refers to the creation of a perceived discrepancy between the existing and ideal state of an organization that generates a desire for change and lowers people’s resistance to change. ... This paper analyses available literatures to get more insights about organization learning, organizational effectiveness and the role of change management.   The need of change management to an organization â€Å"The journey of Change Management starts with a Request for Change†(Doherty, 2006, p.5). It could be from external sources like customers or internal sources like the employees. Customers may often demand improvement in services they received from the organization Same way employees may also complain about the increased work load or lack of work-life balancing they are facing. These things can force the organization to implement changes in its functioning. Other conditions that facilitate organizational change are; â€Å"A dramatic crisis, Leadership turnover, Stage of life-cycle, Age of the organization, Size of organization, Strength of current culture etc† (Approaches to Change Management, n. d, p.1). It is not necessary that the market conditions always re main stable. Market can fluctuate any time depending on the economic and political changes happening across the world. Such fluctuations can result in dramatic crisis in organizational world as we witnessed recently because of global recession. It is difficult for an organization to stick with same policies even on crisis situations. Many organizations reduced their manpower and asked the remaining employees to work more in order to cut the expenses and to escape from the recent recession. Changes are often implemented in an organization because of the changes in leadership also. It is not necessary that the leadership styles of one person are similar to that of other people.

Equity as a Framework of Law. History of Equity Jurisprudence Essay

Equity as a Framework of Law. History of Equity Jurisprudence - Essay Example The author provides an intensive discussion of equity by placing the law within the wider context of the changes it has gone through throughout history. This book compares equity and modern law, which is relevant to this discussion, especially in considering the various conflicts, which are present. Dixon M, Contemporary Perspectives on Property, Equity, and Trusts Law (1st, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007) Martin Dixon counters common perceptions about equity as an area of law that is static, continuing the argument presented by Scott Atkins in Equity and Trusts. The author sets out to demonstrate that equity is still vibrant and dynamic with case law and new legislation. Divided into two parts, the second portion of the book sees the author focus on conscience and natural justice with regards to equity and impact of equity law on various regulations in the UK. This book will aid in my discussions on the nature of equity and its conflict with law. Rahmatian A, Introduction: Lor d Kames and His Principles of Equity (3rd, Glasgow, University of Glasgow 2011) 42 This book is a work of applied legal philosophy with principled and logical jurisprudential discussion regarding the scenarios of legal conflicts and solutions that equity proposed. The author argues that equity allows for the development of abstract paradigms and mechanisms for legal solutions, which act to inspire real life solutions sans requirement to adhere slavishly to the model. According to the author, equity bridges the gap between the meticulous but exegetic lawyer and the creative but not meticulous philosopher. This will be used to discuss the nature of equity and its role in mediating legal conflicts that require more than just legal interpretation. Ahart A, 'A Stern Reminder That the...These precedents in law refer to the rules used by judges of common law to make decisions in legal disputes. Judges in the common law legal system are responsible for creating and/or refining laws. Common law is binding to any future decisions made by the court, although a court’s decisions can only bind future decisions in that specific jurisdiction. Equity refers to legal principles that follow in the traditions of English common Law in every jurisdiction and supplement potentially harsh application of strict rules of law, to achieve natural justice. This paper will seek to elaborate on the creation of the equity system and the reasoning behind it, as well as the nature of equity and its conflict with common law. Emergence of Equity as a System of Law Early English equity jurisprudence history shows a clear distinction from law. This distinction, however, has become blurred with time. Equity refers, generally, to correction of errors or defects present in the law. The concept of equity has apparent roots to Aristotle’s concept of equity as an exception to the rule, in which the pronouncement made by the lawgiver was erroneous and defective. A law could be deemed erroneous or defective for various reasons, including the need to avoid the possibility of administering injustice when deciding â€Å"hard cases†.

Paraphrasing lab report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paraphrasing lab report - Essay Example These values would allow clear differentiation as they are both known and largely differ with methyl salicylate melting at approximately -8 Â °C and pure salicylic acid at 159 Â °C. The melting point of the product was found to be approximately 160Â °C. Other parameters that were also assessed include the Rf of the substance which was found to be (0.35), as compared to the known Rf and co spot of methyl salicylate (0.75) and pure salicylic acid which is (0.33). In addition, the percent yield was determined to be 93,7%. In summation, the product was confirmed to be salicylic acid and not methyl salicylate due to the values obtained from the TLC tests and melting point. 2. The experimental data illustrated that the purified product has a melting point range of 157-161 Â °C; in addition, pure salicylic acid has a known melting point of 159 Â °C; as opposed to that of methyl salicylate which is -8 to -7 Â °C. The experimental data further illustrated that the melting point of the s ubstance was within the range of 159 Â °C Therefore, the known melting point of salicylic acid is 159 Â °C and it is in close range with that obtained in the experiment of 157-161 Â °C hence concluding that the purified product derived in the experiment was salicylic acid. ... In addition, the product obtained in the experiment is in a similar location to that salicylic acid in the xo spot. Therefore, the values obtained in the TLC and melting point experiments were substantial in concluding the product was salicylic acid not methyl salicylate. The data obtained in the experiments also illustrated that the experiment design was appropriate and the procedure was ideal as the results showed that the production of salicylic acid was successful due to the correlation between the experimental values of the product and the known melting points and Rf co spot values for salicylic acid. This also showed the purity level of the product as it was within the range of pure salicylic acid; hence showing the majority of the impurities had been alleviated from the final product in the recrystallization process. The percentage yield data gives an indication of the reaction and the amount of the product that is practically possible to obtain and isolate. The experiment had a good percentage yield of approximately 93,7% indicating that 6,3% of the product was lost during recrystallization and removal of impurities and vacuum faltering. Table 2. Rf values Compound Distance of Compound movement (cm) Distance of mobile phase movement (cm) Rf Pure salicylic acid 1.7 5.1 0.33 Product 1.8 5.1 0.35 Co-spot 1.7 5.1 0.33 Methyl salicylate 3.8 5.1 0.75 Figure 4. TLC plate 3. In the stationery phase the polarity of the compound determines the Rf value. Hence, salicylic acid will have the lowest Rf value as it has the highest polarity compared to silica gel which is also very polar, resulting in both compounds sticking together. However, non polar compounds such as

Role of religion in Paleolithic era Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Role of religion in Paleolithic era - Essay Example Religion defined the boundaries between the evil and the code. This means that every life revolved around religion as faith and a creed to the universe. This paper analyses the context of religion in the Paleolithic period citing specific examples. As a discussion platform, the paper will also explain the function of religion in the same regime. Religion defined the impressive accomplishment in the Paleolithic era. This elaborated the origin and existence to life with a detailed coverage of the creator of the universe. The context also highlighted expectations within the societal setting for every mankind (Judge & Langdon, 211). The belief of human existence allocated specific mandates and roles for a given community. Religion defined the existence of mankind in the Paleolithic era as a lifestyle. The early population believed in devotion and sacrifice dedicating life to observing a given religion. Christianity as doctrine served as the cornerstone of family establishment. The moral teaching revolved around a religious aspect where the spiritual holiness depicted a given lifestyle. Religion also acted as a moral regulatory to influence and condemn behaviors (Judge & Langdon, 171). Religious leaders acted as mediators between the living and the spiritual world. The context of religion depicted a given direction for any society in the Paleolithic period. Religion defined individual endurance to achieve a higher divine calling in the Paleolithic period. The early nations obtained a spiritual calling from exercising true religious morals and behavior. The society respected the spiritual community that also acted as the higher rank of a community. A given communal decision relied on the outcome of the religious society and group. Religion acted as the moderate between parties. In the first instances, religion connected man and god, while in the second instance religion united different communal parties. The religion also served as a companion to the early

Analysis of Chapter Two of Guy Deutscher Book The Unfolding of Essay

Analysis of Chapter Two of Guy Deutscher Book The Unfolding of Languages - Essay Example The paragraph also introduced how the initiative of King James to translate the Bible into English had revolutionized and changed the language to its present form. The second paragraph that also summed up the whole chapter can be found on page 53 to 54 that stated â€Å"no corner of the English language has remained protected from changes: sounds, meanings, and structures all  seem to have suffered from a curious inability to stay still.   This paragraph is intertwined with the paragraph on page 46 that introduced the evolution of the English language because it provided the conclusion to make idea complete. Indeed, the version of English that we used today is a product of the generation of improvement to make the language more comprehensible and more coherent as a tool of communication. And this phenomenon is not only exclusive in the English language but is a phenomenon in other languages such as French and German. In the paragraphs stated, Deutscher made use of the technique of storytelling and quotation. The storytelling came from Deutscher narration of how the English evolved from its old form and how King James revolutionized the language to its present form. He made The thesis of Deutscher that language changes over time are agreeable and well argued. The ideas purported by his thesis have been very convincing. In the paragraph chosen, he used story-telling to make his point coupled with direct quotations. The storytelling involves how the English language changed over time. It is supported by a direct quotation from the Bible to demonstrate how the language changed. He, however, also argued for exactness and propriety of the language in the same chapter. Although his recommendations were valid, it sounded illogical when taken as a whole because he also contradicted himself by proposing how the language should be exactly used. In the previous chapter, he discussed the arrangement of words to convey a clearer meaning and the correct hierarchy of sent ence.        

Role of Information Technology in Kentucky Fried Chicken Essay

Role of Information Technology in Kentucky Fried Chicken - Essay Example Information system helps to change or restructure the business and also quickens the response time to changes in the environment. There are various features of information system that can help a firm gain competitive advantage. For example the decision support system helps firms to align their information system with the business strategies. Then there is the Enterprise resource planning solutions that link the business process with the firm’s objective of optimizing the enterprise resources. Also there is the database system that having â€Å"data mining† capabilities which makes the best use of information for production, innovation and marketing (Hemmatfar, Salehi & Bayat, 2010, p. 158-160). For the purpose of this report let me first describe about the Fast food industry. It is one of the largest growing industries. The industry is characterized by the foods which are prepared and served quickly. Typically, the foods of this industry are sold in retail food outlets or in a packaged form. The major market players of this industry are Kentucky fried chicken, McDonalds, Pizza hut, Dominos, Arby’s, Subway, Fingers and Del Taco among various other players. Franchise operation acts as the most crucial element of this industry. The noticeable foodstuffs includes pizzas, burgers, sandwiches, French fries, fried chicken, ice creams and also foods like noodles, fried rice and soups among the others. Presently information technology is widely used in fast food industry. The market share of KFC and its competitors are as follows:- Figure 1 (Source: pugetsoundoff, n.d.). Information technology plays an essential role in the unprecedented growth of fast food industry. In this sector the functions of Information technology is significant as it helps in research and development process, marketing process and also in the financial segment. Information systems help organisations in the fast food industry to not only deliver products and services at low c osts but also deliver differentiated products and services. Organisations are using information system to create niche markets for themselves and at the same time focus on developing new and innovative products. The current applications being used in fast food industry include the following:- Point of sale system – It manages the total selling process of an outlet. This is also responsible for the formation and printing of the receipt. A typical retail food outlet POS includes a computer, receipt printer, bar-code scanner, customer display and a cash drawer. Apart from these basic requirements the system sometimes also consists of debit & credit card reader. The next application includes these cash registers are coupled with the computerized system which automatically prepares accounting reports and facilitates reordering of inventories. It also helps in tracking the internal orders and sales. The other application which is very much in use is the Customer Relationship Manage ment System. Customer relationship management (CRM) is all about managing and increasing customer relationships that can help the company to drive the costs down and increase the viability of products and services. (Anderson & Kerr, 2001, p.1-11). Data about customers like

Business Ethics in the Footwear, Clothing, and Textile Industries Essay

Business Ethics in the Footwear, Clothing, and Textile Industries - Essay Example   Business ethics and conduct have been a major talking point in the TCF industry, especially with regards to the fairness of its dealings, processes, stakeholder treatment, and competition policies. The principle of fairness seeks to ensure that TCF organizations engage in; fair and free ethical competition deals with all stakeholders in a way that can describe as being equitable and fair and is non-discriminatory during the process of contracting and hiring (Braithwaite & Drahos, 2010: p401). This principle has been a problematic one within the TCF industry. The workforce is 80% female on minimum wage that averages $38 every month. This industry has the lowest costs of labor globally, and the workers’ unions are intimidated with violence in order to stay quiet on industry standard violations (Sajhau, 2013: p34). The industry needs to create a more friendly culture for workers, enforcing freedom of association sans victimization, pro-labor legislation, balance the gender in equality gap, and fire and building inspection codes. This can be achieved with the help of global retailers.   Issues related to diligence and loyalty is an important concern with regards to business ethics in the TCF industry. The industry would be required to act as a fiduciary for investors and the company by carrying out the organization’s operations in a loyal and diligent manner expected of trustees (Braithwaite & Drahos, 2010: p402). Corporate ethics are reflective of the business’ philosophy, and one of its objectives is the determination of the company’s fundamental purposes.

The Impact of Socio-economic Status on Student Achievement and Essay

The Impact of Socio-economic Status on Student Achievement and possible Intervention. Focus Australian education - Essay Example One may ask, why focus on early childhood education? It has been proven in numerous studies that the early years of any child’s life have a formative impact on their learning, development, future health as well as well-being. This forms the justification for this paper. It begins by exploring what exactly ECEC is in various contexts. It then goes on to give a background of the issue, highlighting various theories and schools of thought on the subject. Next, it discusses the Early Childhood Education and Care sector in the Australian context. In this section, the paper also highlights the different ECEC service types, particularly LDC, FDC, OSHC, IHC, preschool, Occasional care as well as the non-mainstream ECEC services. Next, it goes on to discuss the problems hindering the provision of quality ECEC services in Kenya. It then goes ahead to explain the role of Government in the provision of high quality education in general, and in ECEC sector in particular, with a focus on ho w Government intervention affects disadvantaged children. Then, the paper goes into highlighting the specific roles of the Australian as well as State and Territory governments in the ECEC sector, and how regulation can ensure the provision of high-quality ECEC services to all children, regardless of their family background. Introduction The level of student success in today’s education context is determined by a wide range of factors. This paper seeks to focus on the socio-economic status as a factor in student achievement, with a focus on the Early Childhood Education and Care sector in Australia. It is proven that the early years of any child’s life have a formative impact on their learning, development, future health as well as well-being. If the child is exposed to positive experiences in their formative years, it will also have positive outcomes in their future (Waldfogel, 2007). Research has revealed that, despite its importance, the level of quality of ECEC ser vices may not be as high as it ought to be. This is mainly caused by disjointed policy approaches and information asymmetry among other factors. These issues have been discussed in more detail further into the paper. However, the government of any nation has a responsibility to ensure that the quality of ECEC services to all the state’s children, regardless of economic background, as the adequate provision of this has bearing on economic development through adequate workforce participation (Smart, Sanson, Baxter, Edwards and Hayes, 2008). Definition of Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) Waldfogel (2007) reveals that early childhood education can simply be defined as the process of administering formal teaching and care of children by people who are not part of their family, or is outside their respective home setting. Early childhood refers to the age before normal schooling, that is, between birth and five years of age. However, this definition varies between differen t nations: for example, the United States National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) defines early childhood as before the age of eight (Waldfogel, 2007). Background A child’s needs in the early years are very different from those of older children. This is because early childhood sees the greatest growth and development. The stages are such that the brain develops

Comparison between Creon and Antigone in Oedipus the King Essay Example for Free

Comparison between Creon and Antigone in Oedipus the King Essay In the Oedipus plays, two of the major characters include Creon, the brother in law of Oedipus and Antigone, the daughter of Oedipus. Although these two characters play different roles in the plays Oedipus the King and Antigone, they share a lot of similarities. Basically, one of the similarities that Creon and Antigone have is that the burdens that they carried throughout the plays were passed down to them by Oedipus following his downfall and exile. After Oedupis’s exile, Creon assumed the throne of Thebes and took control of the city. Although his intentions in ruling Thebes are pure, like Oedipus who refused to listen to the blind prophet when he told him that he was the one who murdered his father, Creon’s judgment was blinded when he initially refused to give proper burial rites to his enemy, Polynices, Oedipus son. As a result, Antigone, hanged herself, causing her lover Haemon, Creon’s son, to kill himself as well. Likewise, Antigone inherited the stubbornness of his father when she defied Creon’s order deny the corpse of Polynices, her brother, a proper burial. For her defiance, Creon had her thrown into a tomb, where she committed suicide through hanging. In short, both Creon and Antigone were affected by Oedipus’s tragic downfall as he apparently passed down his misfortunes to those who succeeded him and to his family members. Antigone herself said this in her conversation with her sister, in which she said â€Å"My own flesh and blood—dear sister, dear Ismene, how many griefs our father Oedipus handed down! Do you know one, I ask you, one grief that Zeus will not perfect for the two of us while we still live and breathe? There’s nothing, no pain—our lives are pain—no private shame, no public disgrace, nothing I haven’t seen in your grief and mine. † In other words, Antigone spoke as if tragedies are passed down in Oedipus’s family like they were family heirlooms. Moreover, both Creon and Antigone exemplified also suffered the same losses. Creon lost his son, Haemon, and his wife, Eurydice who both committed suicide while Antigone lost her father, Oedipus, and her two brothers, Polynices and Eteocles, who killed each other while fighting over who would rule over Thebes. In other words, both characters were left alone in their personal battles. However, while the two characters share several similarities, they also have various differences. For one, Antigone acknowledges the past tragedies as shown in the quote above and uses them as a motivation to move forward. Moreover, she is more bold and prudent than Creon as shown during their confrontation in which he asked her why she was defying him and she answered, â€Å"I didnt say yes. I can say no to anything I say vile, and I dont have to count the cost. But because you said yes, all that you can do, for all you’re crown and your trappings, and your guards—all that your can do is to have me killed. † On the other hand, Creon is a manipulative and narrow-minded person as shown in his initial refusal to believe in the blind prophet’s prediction. His personality is best shown in his description of Thebes wherein he said, â€Å"Anarchy—show me a greater crime in all the earth! She, she destroys cities, rips up houses, breaks the ranks of spearmen into headlong rout. But the ones who last it out, the great mass of them owe their lives to discipline. Therefore we must defend the men who live by law, never let some woman triumph over us. Better to fall from power, if fall we must, at the hands of a man—never be rated inferior to a woman, never. † In sum, while both characters share similarities due to their close relationship with Oedipus, they also have differences that distinguish their characters. Antigone is a realistic, decisive yet stubborn character while Creon is a person who holds himself in high esteem but later realizes he is human as well. Works Cited â€Å"Oedipus the King. † 2008. The Internet Classics Archive. 3 April 2008 http://classics. mit. edu/Sophocles/oedipus. html. â€Å"Antigone. † 2008. 2008. The Internet Classics Archive. 3 April 2008 http://classics. mit. edu/Sophocles/antigone. html.

Research Methods Chapter: Filipino Work Values in Education

Research Methods Chapter: Filipino Work Values in Education Chapter II METHOD OF THE STUDY The descriptive-correlation method is utilized to describe the general characteristics of the respondents in this study and to examine the existing relationship or differences between work values, job satisfaction and work performance. This method enables the researcher to make a thorough analysis of the relationship between the indicators of FWVS, JSS and the results of the Teachers’ Efficiency Rating of the respondents. Specifically, descriptive method was used to define the respondents’ dominant work values, level of job satisfaction and the level of work performance according to the different indicators given in the utilized tools. Moreover, this method is also used to describe the capacity of work values to determine the future outcomes of job satisfaction and work performance. While, correlation method was utilized to delve on the relationship between the different aspects of work values and job satisfaction, and work values and work performance. INSTRUMENTS/ TECHNIQUES To obtain the pertinent data for this study, standardized tests and evaluation tool were utilized as the main instruments. Standardized tests This study utilized the Filipino Work Values Scale Employee Edition (FWVS EE) The Filipino Work Values Scale (FWVS) is a standardized instrument designed to determine a persons work values. The scale consists of 80 items, distributed into 10 subscales. It takes approximately 15 to 20 minutes to accomplish it (Manual, 1987). The 10 subscales are the: Environmental, Familial, Intellectual – Achievement, Interpersonal, Management, Material, Occupation, Organization, Religious and Variety. This tool was rated using the Likert Scale Rating (1 – Very Unimportant, 2 – Unimportant, 3 – Neutral, 4 – Important and 5 – Very Important). This test consists of a test booklet where the general and specific directions were indicated, and a separate answer sheet to indicate the respondents’ answers. This test can be self – administered. The author sought for the permission of the owner of this tool which is attached in Appendix B. To obtain the level of the job satisfaction of the participants, Job Satisfaction Survey by Paul E. Spector was used. The Job Satisfaction Survey, JSS is a 36 item, nine-facet scale to assess employee attitudes about the job and aspects of the job. The nine facets are Pay, Promotion, Supervision, Fringe Benefits, Rewards, Co-workers, Nature of Work, and Communication which are rated from 1 or â€Å"Disagree very much† to 6 or â€Å"Agree very much.† Although the JSS was originally developed for use in human service organizations, it is also applicable in the education setting (Spector, 2001). The survey has an existing norm for teachers in Asian countries. This tool has been widely used and has existing local norm in the Philippines such as in the study conducted by Bansil (2010) in the study entitled â€Å"The relationship of job satisfaction and job performance of call center agents in outbound program† and Rosales and her colleagues (2013), â€Å"Nursesâ€⠄¢ Job Satisfaction and Burnout: Is there a connection?†.The author obtained permission from the local authors who utilized JSS in their local researches for reliability and validity purposes. The copy of the letter of permission was attached in Appendix C. Documentary Analysis The researcher obtained and analyzes the respondents work performance from the institutions previous school years work evaluation, Teachers’ Efficiency Rating. Efficiency Rating tool is a key component of employee development. It is intended to be a fair and balanced assessment of an employees performance (Claret Employee Manual, 1999). Administration. After securing permit from the school administrators, the researcher prepared the materials which are: Filipino Work Values Scale (Employee Edition) which was obtained from the author, Dr. Vicentita Cervera, and the Job Satisfaction Survey by Paul E. Spector, which was obtained from the website and was utilized upon the approval of the author. The tests were self-administered and there was no time allotment. The instructions were indicated in the booklets and answer sheets, where the respondents can readily read the instructions and understood easily. The materials were distributed during the in-service training seminar in the Audio-Visual Room (AVR) of CSQC where all the old and newly hired teachers were required to attend. The researcher was able to obtain the target respondents. The researcher was given 1 hour to conduct the administration of the tests. Other Guidance Counselors facilitated the distribution of the materials while the researcher explained the instructions where ten minutes was consumed. Fifteen to twenty minutes was allotted in answering the FWVS and another ten to fifteen minutes was given in answering the JSS. After each test, the Guidance Counselors collected the materials and proceeded to the inspection of answer sheets. Those answer sheets with incomplete responses and answer sheets of newly hired teachers were eliminated. A total of 109 qualified answer sheets were collected. The checking and scoring of the accomplished FWVS and JSS answer sheets started immediately after the data gathering and this was done for one month. The encoding of responses followed by the end of July, 2014 using the SPSS version 11.5 package. SAMPLING PROCEDURE The researcher utilized the non – probability purposive sampling technique (Rosales, 2013). This method was used based on the given criteria and specifications identified by the researcher. In this technique, the researcher based on his personal judgment in selecting the participants who best meet the purposes of his study. Ariola (2006) explains that whoever qualifies and is available is taken until the desired number of sample is attained. Specifically, stakeholder sampling (Palys, 2014) is utilized, one of the kinds of purposive sampling which is useful in the context of evaluation research and analysis of the teachers’ work values, job satisfaction and work performance, who are also involved in receiving and affected by the program that is designed according to the results. TREATMENT OF DATA Data were computed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 11.5). Descriptive and inferential statistics were utilized to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics included weighted mean to describe the teachers’ dominant work values difference work values, extent of job satisfaction and work performance and linear regression analysis to identify the future outcome of job satisfaction and work performance based on the dominant work values. Pearson – r coefficient of correlation was utilized to determine the correlation of variables and its significance. Weighted Mean. The researcher utilized this computation to get the weighted mean scores of each work values to identify the extent of importance on each work values, criteria of job satisfaction and work performance, with a formula of: ∑x = N/ n To determine the verbal interpretation of work values, this scale was used: Mean RangeDescription 4.50 to 5.00Very Important 3.50 to 4.49Important 2.50 to 3.49Neutral 1.50 to 2.49Unimportant 1.00 to 1.49Very Unimportant To determine the verbal interpretation of the job satisfaction, this scale was used: Mean RangeVerbal Description 5.50 to 6.00Agree very much 4.50 to 5.49Agree moderately 3.50 to 3.49Agree slightly 2.50 to 3.49Disagree slightly 1.50 to 2.49Disagree moderately 1.00 to 1.49Disagree very much To determine the verbal interpretation of the respondents’ work performance, this scale was utilized: Mean RangeDescription 4.5 to 5.0Very Evident 3.5 to 4.4Evident 2.5 to 3.4Fairly Evident 1.5 to 2.4Hardly Evident 1.0 to 1.4Not Evident Pearson – r. The Pearson – r or Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) is used in determining strength of correlation or association between two or more interval or ratio data (Ariola, 2006). This treatment was used to determine the degree and the nature of correlation between work values, job satisfaction and work performance. To determine the degree of relationship that exists between the variables, the following scale was used: If r =+.70 or higherVery strong positive relationship +.40 to +.69Strong positive relationship +.30 to +.39Moderate positive relationship +.20 to +.29weak positive relationship +.01 to +.19No or negligible relationship -.01 to -.19No or negligible relationship -.20 to -.29weak negative relationship -.30 to -.39Moderate negative relationship -.40 to -.69Strong negative relationship -.70 or higherVery strong negative relationship (http://faculty.quinnipiac.edu/libarts/polsci/Statistics.html) To determine the interpretation of the computed generated p – value in comparison with the level of significance, SPSS as used as shown on the scale below: ComparisonDecisionInterpretation P-value < 0.05Reject Ho Significant level of significance p-value > 0.05Accept HoNot Significant level of significance Correlation of coefficient reveals the positive (+) or negative (-) relationship between work values (x variable) and job satisfaction or work performance criteria (y variable). Positive significant relationship explains that as the x variable increases, y variable also increases, and vice – versa. Additionally, the significance of relationship of work values was based on the Ï  – value, where the computed Ï  – value

The Power Of Love

The Power Of Love Patricia Becker-â€Å"Interaction on the basis of a parent-child relationship must be observable attention for one another†. All parent and child relationships have experienced times of hardship and adversity that when overcome make the bond stronger. Unexpected changes in the parent-child relationships cause disturbances and can escalate the existing problems in their lives by means of psychological pain and societal dilemmas. However, it can also further help to improve the parent-child relationship. The grieving parents that lack hope must depend on their love for their children in order to overcome these times of hardship and unhappiness. Parents, like Ma in Emma Donoghues Room and the Man in Cormac McCarthys The Road, rely on their childs love to overcome the psychological effects from feeling lost and hopeless in a society with no order; they commit their lives to the sole protection of their child from danger, and strive to find happiness through their children. Within society there are laws, social norms that allocate order. However when society goes through a sudden change, there may be psychological effects that occur to the people who have trouble adapting to new environments. As the parent and child are forced to adjust and adapt to a new world that is unfamiliar to their standards, their relationship will have to face conflict and experience misunderstandings along the way. However, their bond between each other will assist them in adapting better to the new social norms of society. In the Room by Emma Donoghue the character of Ma becomes subject to a significant life change when Old Sritharan 2 Nick kidnaps her. Old Nick takes away Mas freedom and removes her from society. She is then left to face the physical and mental pains from the world that Old Nick creates for her. Mas new world was â€Å"just basic [twelve-by-twelve], vinyl coated steel. But he added a sound proofed skylight, and lots of insulating foam inside the walls, plus a layer of sheet lead, because lead kills all sound (Donoghue, 84). Ma is forced to live in this isolated room and it begins to compromise her mental stability as she is taken away from society and what she calls â€Å"the real world† (Donoghue, 85). As a result of this imprisonment, Ma experiences many psychological effects as things â€Å"seemed to get smaller or bigger†¦. sometimes [she] heard voices from the TV telling [her] things† (Donoghue, 94). Although Ma is forcefully held in confinement for several years in this room, she becomes a new person once her son Jack is born. Jack gives her the ability to overcome these times of suffering and misery because she now has a new purpose in life. She shows her love for Jack, when she cries out, â€Å"Yeah, but for me, seeing Jack was everything. I was alive again† (Donoghue, 233). To Ma, Jack symbolizes purity, innocence and happiness, the same qualities, which she once possessed in her previous life. With Jack present she begins to regain what she has lost and is able to slowly overcome the psychological effects of feeling hopeless in an unfamiliar society. When Ma eventually escapes the room, she is confronted with adversity and struggle when trying to deal with the outside world, as she no longer is accustomed with the social norms of society. In the outside world, photographers, media and unknown civilians, hound Ma and Jack. As a result Ma is mentally and emotionally overwhelmed, as she feels psychologically weak. Tim Grice in his paper, Changes in Social Identities argues that any new person joining a new social environment equals a sudden change and the person will have to accommodate to the new social standards and this may cause a new Sritharan 3 psychological state of adjustment. Even though Ma is unable to put up with all the problems that she has faced in her life, she begins to overcome these obstacles and strives for happiness because of Jack. Like Ma in the Room, the Man in The Road also feels hopeless and doomed for failure, as the world he once lived in has collapsed due to an apocalyptic epidemic that has wiped out the majority of civilization. The Man is confused about his current life; he is angry with God; he shouts, â€Å"On this road there are no godspoke. They are gone and I am left alone and they have taken with them the world† (McCarthy, 32). He has developed this hatred for God because he feels God has taken away everything from him. The Man experiences suffering and misery because he is unable to cope with the lack of order and the social norms of the new world. This causes him to feel hopeless and uncertain about life. In spite of these changes the Man must overcome and fight to achieve a new found happiness, he perseveres because his belief is that the Boy is â€Å"carrying the fire† (McCarthy, 283). The Man believes that the carrying of the fire symbolizes good and purity; it signifies that his only purpose left in life is his son. This will force him to overcome the shambles of society and continue to search for happiness in this world of chaos. The new world is â€Å"barren, silent, godless†, but yet the Man is still willing to fight and survive the fight through love for his son. In a society with no rules or order, there is bound to be unforeseen problems and conflicts that terrify and frighten people. It is much easier to cope with these dilemmas when you have someone special to fight for. When parents must face an obstacle, the deep feelings for their child are exposed as they strive to keep him or her safe. Despite all the psychological pain Ma has experienced in the room, she was able to acquire new motivation in her life; this being the birth of Jack. Before his birth Ma felt dead, hopeless and defeated. Jack makes her feel alive Sritharan 4 again as she now has the duty to protect her son from Old Nick. Ma tells Jack that â€Å"[she] just [doesnt] want [Old Nick to] look at [him]. Even when [he was] a baby, [she] always wrapped [him] in a blanket before [Old Nick] came in† (Donoghue 26). Jack is Mas only purpose left in life; he symbolizes her happiness and joy. Ma does not want Jack to go through what she has experienced and does not want Old Nick to blemish the innocence and purity of Jack. Ma has taken great care and gone through some rough times with Old Nick in order to protect Jack. As a result of these overcome hardships, the bond between Ma and Jack becomes more and more strong. Once Jack and Ma escape from the room, they are troubled with the social norms of society and begin to panic, as they are unfamiliar with this new environment. The media is constantly following the two and in one instance a reporter calls Jackâ€Å"a freak. Ma is able to avoid further confrontations with the media and protect Jac k from these obscenities. Jack is able to overcome any sense of emotional pain because of his mothers love. She repeatedly tells him, â€Å"Youre the one who matters, though. Just you (Donoghue, 256). Ma spends most of her life dedicated to Jack because as there love for one another continuously grows. As a result, they are more effective in their fight for survival and able to overcome their miseries. Ma and Jacks relationship are similar to that of the Man and the Boy as they also share the same protective love in such a cruel and brutal world. The Man will do anything in his power to keep the Boy out of harms way because he is the most important aspect of the Mans life. The Boy was born into a world filled with pain and suffering, where this epidemic revealed the true â€Å"frailty of everything† (McCarthy, 28). The only objective for the Man was to protect the Boy from the â€Å"bad guys† (McCarthy, 79). Through all the times of despair and suffering, the Mans lov e for the Boy grows to become stronger than ever which is evident when the Man states, â€Å"My job is to take Sritharan 5 care of you. I was appointed to do that by God. I will kill anyone who touches you† (McCarthy, 77). The Boy represents purity, innocence and happiness to the Man he will do anything to protect the Boy. Both the Man and Ma hoped that their children would not have to be born under the current circumstances that consist of misery, but because of their children they are motivated to overcome these obstacles. Trying to adjust and adapt to a new society can result in many difficulties for an individual. It can bring pain to ones life and even make him or her confused and uncertain of his or hers own existence. It is much easier to overcome these fears and struggles when one has someone important in their life. Like Ma in the Room, the only thing that allows her to persevere and fight for survival is her son Jack. Without Jack she would have given up on herself in her state of hopelessness and confusion. Michael Myers argues in Subjective and Objective measures of Parent-Child Relationship that maintaining a joint attention relationship between a parent and child will further develop the relationship, as they are able to connect their thoughts and feelings. Without Jack, Ma would have already taken her own life because of the negative impacts the past has placed on her. To her, â€Å"Jack was everything† (Donoghue, 233), and because of Jack, she felt alive again. Jack was a symbol of hope and faith for Ma. Similarly, the Man in The Road also depends on the love for his son to keep him on the path of happiness and freedom. The world the Man now lives in is a world that is cruel and barbaric, yet he is still able to find a sense of hope and purpose through the connection to his son. The Man always expresses his love for his son as he says to him, â€Å"The one thing I can tell you is that you wont survive for yourself. I know because I would have never come this far† (McCarthy, 57). He would have never gotten this far in such a world if it was not for his son; his son represented the fulfillment and joy in the Sritharan 6 Mans previous life. The Man continues to live and persevere for survival because his son is everything to him. This is shown when he tells his son, â€Å"You have my whole heart. You always did. Youre the best guy. You always were† (McCarthy, 279). Without the Boy, the Man would have given up, but since they had a reason to live they â€Å"never gave up† (McCarthy, 137). Both Ma and the Man express sadness and confusion in their chaotic surroundings, but they are able to cope with such difficulties because their children give them a sense that someday they will find true happiness. This is why it is easier to overcome times of hardships and obstacles when there is someone special keeping one from giving up. In the novels Room by Emma Donoghue and The Road by Cormac McCarthy, it is evident that a grieving and hopeless parent like Ma or the Man must depend on their love for their child in order to overcome times of suffering and pain. Both parents rely on their childs love to overcome the adversities of living in a new environment, commit their lives to protect their children and find ways to stay happy with their child.

The Definition of Education :: Education Educating School Teaching Essays

The Definition of Education Education what is it? It is defined as: 1. The act or process of educating or being educated. 2. The knowledge or skill obtained or developed by a learning process. 3. A program of instruction of a specified kind or level. 4. The field of study that is concerned with the pedagogy of teaching and learning, according to the American Heritage dictionary. Its etymology comes from the Latin word "educatio which means to bring up"1 But what does that tell us. It says to me that education is training not learning. Education trains the youth into what society deems as a productive member. We are not educated to seek out what our interests are . We are educated so we can produce things. The age of art and philosophers is dead due to our age of "so called" education. We are being molded into people who can not think for ourselves. An example of this would be the giant "American War Machine." The government says we need all these weapons to protect America. They do not say who we need protection from. In fact there really is no one we need to be protected from. The Soviet Union is no more and the rest of the world is already years behind in technology. Then why do we spend billions of our dollars on weapons. We spend in order to line the pockets of weapon manufactures. If we thought for ourselves then we would realize that the peop[le in power do not pay us enough or that they are doing underhanded illegal transactions. If we thought for ourselves that would cut into their profit and we all know that can not happen. The Savings and Loans Scandal is a perfect example of this. Big business made a mistake and then instead of dealing with it they pawned there massive losses on the American public. Education is a farce, a cruel joke that the people in power attempt to trick us into believing is the "be all and save all" for success. We are not being educated instead we are being conditioned to serve with the prize being the scraps off the table of those who have the power. Where does it say education is to just simply learn? It is stated nowhere. Education should be about becoming enlightened to the works of the world. I am not saying becoming a lawyer or a business person is wrong or inimical. What I am saying is being a artist or philosopher is just as advantageous. In fact art and philosophy should be made standard issue in

America in the 1920s and 1930s :: American History

When many people study history and learn the mistakes from the past, it would be easier to able to understand the present. Nevertheless, it is not enough to simply study the events that have transpired. By changing the unfavorable events that led to despair and continuing the benefits to society, one can understand why they happen and better the future. In the United States in the early 1920s, a new stage appeared with different movements in the areas of politics, economics, society, culture, and foreign policy. By the events that led to the 1930s, new crazes had developed in many of these areas, while other areas remained in continuity. From the 1920s to the 1930, there were several factors that contributed to the changes in American society. The 1920s began shortly after in World War I when the United States and the Allies defeated the Germans in 1918. Many Americans were fed up with Woodrow Wilson, the 28th president from 1913 to 1921. The first election of the 1920s scoured Republican Warren G. Harding against Democrat James M. Cox. Cox supported Wilson and the League of Nations in the election. However, Harding won the election in a landslide, which was a sign of America ¡Ã‚ ¦s frustration with Wilson and his optimistic and liberal policies. The start of the new conservative era restored the power to the Republicans after the presidential election of the 1920. Harding made quite a few excellent appointments to his cabinet although he failed to demonstrate to have much intelligence. Charles Evans Hughes was appointed to be the Secretary of State, Andrew W. Mellon appointed as the Secretary of the Treasury and as leader of the Commerce Department, and Herbert Hoover bumped up the 1920s to a new level. On the other hand, Harding also appointed some of the worst positions for office. He appointed Albert B. Fall as the Secretary of the Interior. The Teapot Dome Scandal or the  ¡Ã‚ §Oil Reserves Scandal ¡Ã‚ ¨ [Simon, 3/8/00] surrounded the secret leasing of the federal oil reserves by Fall. He secretly granted the Mammoth Oil Company exclusive rights to the Teapot Dome reserves in Wyoming after President Harding transferred supervision of the naval oil reserve lands from the navy to him. While this scandal entered American politics as a symbol of governmental corruption, it had little long-term effect on the Republican Party. For the moment, Harding started the conservative trend of politics in the 1920s.

Cruelty In Literature :: essays research papers fc

There are many examples of cruelty in literary works. Literary works such as plays, novels, films, short stories, and poetry. One may believe that cruelty is a way of life. Cruelty is included in great works of literature such as The Crucible, The Scarlet Letter, Bartleby, The Red Badge of Courage, The Last of the Mohicans, Lottery, Dr. Heidigger’s Experiment, Redburn, Angel of Death, Gold Bug, The Tell-tale Heart, and Night. The following is an explanation of the cruelty and the result of it. In the Last of the Mohicans, there are many acts of cruelty displayed. For example, The bad Huron Indian Magma makes the English troops walk right into a war party trap. As a result of this action, The English troops fought every Indian in the war party, but three Mohicans killed most of the Huron. Another example would be when Monroe won’t let the militia go back to the frontier to defend their families. As a result, Nathaniel helped the people who wanted to leave, escape. Another example would be when the Huron Indians killed Uncas. In turn, Alice threw herself off a cliff because she loved him so much. Another example would be when the French told the Huron not to attack the American troops again. As a result, the Huron attack the American troops anyway. Theses various counts of cruelty show that the Huron Indians are a cruel people. In The Red Badge of Courage there also are many acts of cruelty displayed. For example, Henry runs away from battle. In turn, Jim and the rest of the company got wounded and some died. Another example would be when the red coats attacked the Americans. As a result, Henry ran away again. Another example would be when the generals were laughing about the win. In turn, Henry overheard them and thought he was celebrating about something he didn’t help in and was treating the entire war as a game. Another example would be War itself. As a result, Henry gets war fever and runs in front of the line, in a suicide attempt. Another example would be when Henry was asking for help from a running solider, the solider hit Henry with the butt of his rifle. In turn, Henry was knocked out and left for dead. Unlike the Huron, the red coats and their own men are the cruel ones. One of the solider on his side actually strikes Henry, which knocks him out. This movie also illustrates cruelty from a 3rd party, the generals are not involved directly yet cause cruelty. In Bartleby, there are many occurrences of cruelty. For example, Bartleby wouldn’t leave the office. As a result, many people get mad. Another example would be when Bartleby’s old boss moved out of the office. In turn, the new owner came back to his old boss and said get rid

Top 10 Characteristics of schools that are Multicultural

1. The school curriculum incorporates the contributions of many cultural groups and integrates multiple perspectives throughout it. 2. Teachers and administrators are able to deal with questions of race, inter- group relations, and controversial realities on an objective, frank, and professional basis. 3. Differences in academic achievement levels disappear between males and females, dominant and oppressed group members, and upper-middle-class and low-income students. 4. Instructional materials are free of biases, omissions, and stereotypes. 5. The teachers and administrators show respect for the students' first languages and dialects 6. Cultural differences are treated as differences, rather than as deficiencies that must be addressed in compensatory programs. 7. Students are able to use their own cultural resources and voices to develop new skills and to critically explore subject matter. 8. Students learn to recognize and confront inequities in school and society. 9. The composition of the faculty, administration, and other staff accurately reflects the pluralistic composition of the United States. 10. The faculty, administrators, and other staff see themselves as learners enhanced and changed by understanding, affirming, and reflecting cultural diversity. I feel that theses top ten characteristics are list in the correct order from most important to least important. Even though I do not feel there should be something that is not as important when it comes to this subject. I think that each of all ten is just as important. My first important is the school making sure that they incorporate different kinds of cultural groups into their class room this makes it so that all the student know what their cultural believes are they are all included in the class. I also feel it is important that teachers are able to deal with questions and have an understanding of how to answer the question about the different cultural. Gollnick, D. , & Chinn, P. (2006). Multicultural education in a pluralistic society. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall

Amway Marketing Max

The amway is the one of the bothiance in the field who is selling the products which atomic number 18 helpful to the citizenry in basis in commercical opponent personal and many a(prenominal) other factor. only if in the india ther are so many person who are very little and he has no house exclusively slightly person who are privileged and his income per month is 14000 they are use the amway products precisely the others are donot use the amway bproducts because they are fill up with the other products because they all are using last some years past so amway products are not very much using in the india if amway some change for his product place and set so ther is possible to increase in the profit.There are the 4 ps of the company these are as follows Price sic reaping and Promotion These are the 4ps of the amway these are common for all the marketing maix for the company. In the amway company 4ps are give the advice for the fodder food and many other products . Product- In the amway there are the variant types of the products these are as follows. Nutrition and wellness. consulates. home guardianship. personal care. commercial products.These are the all the amway products but in this ther are the non-homogeneous types just like that Nutrition and wellness * Food supplementary * food * multifaceted health and fitness Cosmetics * attitude * kowtow care products Home care * airstream care * apparel care * category cleaners * glass and mettle cares * more than. Personal care * hair care products * oral care products * body and pelt care products * family care products * more. commercialised products * agriculture products the amway company is

Pre Marital Counselling Essay

pre matrimonial pleader is therapy with deuce passel preliminary to their labor conjugation, to booster utilize them much graphic views of what to c e truly and how to hump with nutrition with new(prenominal) soul as a pardner relating to from to apiece bingle(prenominal) genius(prenominal) new(prenominal) as a commit pair. By victorious the judgment of conviction to search the reasons you came in cin 1 and however(a) casert, your similarities, your differences, your hopes and your dreams, as whole both(prenominal) as your deliverations of condition little a nonher, it is thoroughly-nigh eons vi commensurate to repress the disappointments that umteen tack ashore to hurther ups receivet with the f readable of clipping.Pre- matrimonial pleader offers the probability to question your differences in a relatively safe, reliefive, reconstructive environment. And art object well-nigh agrees whitethorn convey to submit their tr ades join until mainstay differences puke be go underd, most equates view that pre-married direction serve ups to arrive at them for the strain of heart they would uniform to var. to amazeher. antenuptial charge end back up de edgeine that you and your a d vitamin A _or_ abettor come a well-knit, estimable consanguinity large you a best probability for a stalls and agreeable pairing. antenuptial counsel merchant ship withal military service you come step forward weaknesses that could be ample larger difficultys during man and wife. through with(predicate) antenuptial steering, duplicates ar advertise to c e rattlingplace a broad lam of beta and lettered topics cogitate to wedlock, such(prenominal) as Finances, conference Beliefs and value comp iodinnts in spousals disassociatey meat and total up Children & p atomic number 18nting Family family kins finality making traffic with aro subr come inine fourth dimens ion exhausted in concert. The initial accomplishment of all descent is called the honeymoon menstruum and by and by that fairytale, nuptials sight be a rude mankind check. In much than or less cases, quarrels everyplace money, family and rely distri securee a couple apart.A pre-marital academic term patrons service of processers stick bulge forth each former(a) mend and su guide incoming complications or action. contradictory to democratic belief, pre marital advocate isnt solely for couples who atomic number 18 press release in for an place unification. It is as well as very all- definitive(a) for couples who m an opposite(prenominal) had foresighted courtships or cook been nutriment in concert. In posture up sums, the slew only whenton to perish their sustenance together atomic number 18 consummate(a) st spewrs, with no idea of what lies forrad of them. In India specifically, set up trades unions be certain with nonwith standing one give voice of advice for the bride you carry to ad nevertheless, and you grant to compromise. antenuptial hold forth en indisputables that the couple do non just receive the responsibilities of spousal for their family, but besides come in in it whole as singulars. In india versed unions atomic number 18 known as a union of deuce families and the individuals who ar supposed to throw the ataraxis of their vivification together, they get baffled in the holy plan. Pre unite commission ensures that doesnt happen. pile who retain had dour courtships and adjudge been fitjon together, indigence it perhaps more than than plenty whore vent in on for logical br separatehoods .why? Beca habit once youre bet on in with individual ,you specify you neck everything that thither is to coiffure rough that soul and join monger jump- set-back nigh(prenominal) surprises. besides cast off what? You allow be affect largely by what sur prises pre marital counsellor leave behind bring for you. matrimony changes the set of acceptations twain individuals dedicate from each former(a). more than issuings determine to be dealt with, exchangeable children, monetary intend etcetera al just close to couples spend more sentence prepargondness their get hitched withs than their unifications.If you rally most the arrive of fiscal and wound up coronation that goes into preparing for the wedding itself, doesnt it firebrand aesthesis to sit rarify a flyspeck in change the alliance at the out(p)pouring? umpteen a(prenominal) couples preparing for marriage trus tworthyly retrieve they atomic number 18 strong passing into the union and they credibly ar in a circul turf out of ship expression. earthly concern caught up with all the pleasing thumbings and other feel-good material waiver on sooner of nuptials, couples practically dont consider the in force(p)ness pitfalls. Those pitfalls argon oftmultiplication meters what leads them into a therapists short letter roughly age lot the line. here(predicate) six great reasons to get pre marriage talk over 1) spike colloquy Skills world able to in effect listen, rightfully hear and underpin the others position is a skill that isnt unavoidably a wedded for m whatsoever tribe. equalizes that genuinely herald effectively outhouse talk most and resolve issues when they arise more effectively. You outhouse variant up your public lecture and perceive skills. This is one of the most classical aspects of wound up safety amid couples. 2) cover Role ExpectationsIts incredibly usual for get married couples to never genuinely occupy discussed who forget be doing what in the marriage.This good deal oblige to job, finances, chores, informal stuffiness and more. Having an pass around and honest discourse approximately what each of you expect from the other in a mutation of argonas leads to fewer surprises and upsets d witness the line. 3) spirit at contradict dissolving agent Skills nobody indispensablenesss to mobilise that theyll digest betrothal in their marriage. The human race is that contest understructure range from disagreements just about who allow for head out the scratch to unrestrainedly supercharged arguments about proficient issues and this impart in all probability be part of a couples point at one while or another(prenominal). at that place are ways to effectively break contravention that are high schoolly effective and back hang the time exhausted set-aside(p) in the argument. seat Gottmans (www. gottman. com) research has shown that couples who dissolve do this well are less in all kindredlihood to disassociate in the end. 4) research un fuelny BeliefsFor some this is not a sorry issue but for others a grievous one. Differing un privyny beliefs are not a puzzle as retentive as its been discussed and in that location is an appreciation of how they leave altogether break in the marriage with regards to practice, beliefs, children, etc. ) set each gnarly Family of farm animal IssuesWe learn so much of how to be from our parents, primary(a) caregivers and other archeozoic influences. If one of the supplys undergo a high encroach or frigid household, it sens be laborsaving to research that in regards to how it capability gip out in the marriage.Couples who get to an disposition of the existence of any knobbed learn around how relationships croak are normally die at disrupting repeating of these wise(p) behaviors. ) break-dance Personal, Couple and Family GoalsIt amazes me how more an(prenominal) another(prenominal) married couples gift never discussed their relationship goals let alone ainised or family. I back enddidly entail it just doesnt bodge their heads This is a great term directing together why not ensnare your heads together and determine at how youd ilk the incoming to look? Where do you want to be in atomic number 23 eld? rough when would you like to clear children? How some children? there are many areas that put forward be explored and it layabout be a gambling commit to do together.Pre marriage focusing doesnt motivating to be a long work, oddly if you feel youre starting time out with a very square(p) mental institution and only subscribe to some clarifications and goal-setting. For some slew who are hover to start out the marriage as a high conflict couple or cl induce deeper issues to roll in the hay with, the process could stock a silicon chip longer. Regardless, be sure to allow the time to invest in your marriage as you dexterity in the cause itself. The chip in on your marriage investment has the capableness to be spiritedness long What you mint expect antenuptial counselor-at-law typically includes five to seven meetings with a advocate. a lot in pr emarital counseling, each fellow is chartered to one at a time issue a written questionnaire, cognise as a premarital taskment questionnaire. These questionnaires go on checkmates to assess their perspectives of one another and their relationship. They nominate besides patron severalize a couples strengths, weaknesses and authorization problem areas. The aim is to harbor sureness and handling and shape up couples to continue concerns proactively. Your counsel behind friend you figure your results together, encourage you and your abetter _or_ abettor to discuss areas of third estate unhappiness or disagreement, and set goals to help you reduce challenges.Your counselling top executive overly puzzle you and your collaborator use a implement called a Couples vision present a scene and outstrip of your sensed support from individual resources, relationship resources, and cultural and association resources. You and your match give ready ident ify acts at first. followers a discourse with your counselling about differences betwixt the two maps, youll stimulate one map as a couple. The inclination is to help you and your confederate think about to use these resources to help manage your problems.In addition, your counselor strength ask you and your partner questions to respect out your ludicrous visions for your marriage and finish up what you can do to make small, electropositive changes in your relationship. hold back in mind that you bring your own values, opinions and personal write up into a relationship, and they might not everlastingly match your partners. In addition, many people go into marriage accept it go away live up to their social, financial, sexual and emotional needfully and thats not ceaselessly the case. By discussing differences and expectations before marriage, you and your partner can better substantiate and support each other during marriage. archaeozoic interpolation is impo rtant because the risk of infection of carve up is highest sooner in marriage. In Pre marital counseling, as couples you lead aware of so many issues that you never design existed earlier amidst you two. prenuptial counseling is a way to hustle the trace out from its secrecy places so that you can turn it over in the light and see it for what it real is. Remember, preparing for marriage involves more than choosing a wedding dress and throwing a party. overhear the time to relieve oneself a strong existence for your relationship.

My Beloved Cat

unmatchable day, Ahmad go to the Pengkalan trade to bribe groceries utilize my cable simple machine as usual. after stimulated there, Ahmad started to pervert in all(prenominal) my intimacy listed in the notes that Ahmad make originally. afterwards entire obtaining, Ahmad straightly walks to the cable car to go home. However, during my walk, on the spur of the moment Ahmad cut a purge that rattling valued and indeed it delineate me to go get alongly to it. As Ahmad go full to the draw, the gag makes an reach that makes me liveliness golden and enjoyable.Thus, Ahmad hypothe framees each the khat is individual else front-runner or not. after(prenominal) view some condemnations Ahmad perfectly gravel up with finale that Ahmad expect to move out this sanctify go suffer with me and to be my cargonss since Ahmad alike never had any(prenominal) dearie earlier in my home. As Ahmad baffle home, Ahmad necessity to stimulate and gain a fi t mark to my kiss. In close 20 minutes, Ahmad in conclusion prepargon fitted signalize for my toss that is Bobby. The case that makes me direct Bobby as its prepare is because the tramp is priapic (boy) honk.Hence, Ahmad go forth Bobby for a age in my manse and Ahmad cursorily went to the work patronage and debauch sanctify fare (Whiskas) and a coop for Bobbys. Thus, Ahmad went thorn to home, dramatise Bobby and tell it indoors its coop and operate it with Whiskas. Later, Ahmad went to my cognize to adjourn my rest. As Ahmad erupt up the following day, Ahmad straightly goes to Bobbys detain to date its designate and to piddle it Whiskas. However, on the spur of the moment Ahmad get hold that Bobbys has bygone(p) and Ahmad in truth shocked.All uncollectible things make water up acquire in my mind. Ahmad tied(p) thinks that psyche has stolen my hurtle, however.. short, Ahmad spud soul re entreat my let ons some(prenominal) sea son and repeatedly. Thus, from age to metre the defend-up the ghost universe clarion and vocaler and seems cheeseparing to me. Next, Ahmad effect that my boys are on my crinkle at unwrapt my mode and rightfully Ahmad only when stargaze on. in truth my younger babe calls me to excite me up to go to the Pengkalan market. The stargaze is rattling terrific to me and Ahmad wint draw a blank it ever.My passion zany angiotensin-converting enzyme day, Ahmad go to the Pengkalan grocery to demoralise groceries development my car as usual. subsequently arrived there, Ahmad started to get all my thing listed in the notes that Ahmad make before. later on entire buying, Ahmad straightly walks to the car to go home. However, during my walk, shortly Ahmad maxim a ptyalise that authentically tricksy and therefore it per fondlerate me to go total up to it. As Ahmad go come to the throw off, the stray makes an save that makes me odour glad and enjoyabl e.Thus, Ahmad thinks any the cat is somebody else deary or not. aft(prenominal) think some eons Ahmad unawares come up with decision that Ahmad insufficiency to reserve this cat go clog up with me and to be my pet since Ahmad similarly never had any pet before in my home. As Ahmad arrive home, Ahmad inadequacy to welcome and give a commensurate shit to my pet. In near 20 minutes, Ahmad last build satisfactory stimulate for my cat that is Bobby. The effort that makes me discern Bobby as its name is because the cat is potent (boy) cat.Hence, Ahmad leftfield Bobby for a bandage in my erect and Ahmad quickly went to the shop and buy cat intellectual nourishment (Whiskas) and a hencoop for Bobbys. Thus, Ahmad went prickle to home, put one over Bobby and allot it at heart its coop and break away it with Whiskas. Later, Ahmad went to my do it to take my rest. As Ahmad combust up the succeeding(a) day, Ahmad straightly goes to Bobbys coop to looking at it s tick off and to give it Whiskas. However, suddenly Ahmad calling card that Bobbys has gone and Ahmad really shocked.All big(a) things go for fun in my mind. Ahmad point thinks that person has stolen my cat, and.. suddenly, Ahmad hear someone call my name several(prenominal) cadence and repeatedly. Thus, from time to time the blend universe loud and louder and seems near to me. Next, Ahmad run aground that my boys are on my have a go at it in spite of appearance my style and actually Ahmad erect reverie on. genuinely my younger babe calls me to agitate me up to go to the Pengkalan market. The dream is really tremendous to me and Ahmad wint draw a blank it ever.