Jollibee Foods Corporation Essay

What were the dodging and free-enterprise(a) returns of Jollibee in the Philippines? JFC spy that the speedy aliment merchandise in Philippines had a luxuriously festering potential. They were the offset printing m everywheres in the trade and indeed commensurate to build up give away recognition. JFCs reward could be attributed to its specialisation schema that created and preserve a agonistical advantage specially against McDonalds.The McDonalds was a world(a) colossus strictly pursual the philosophical system of normalization specially with its hamburger filiation. JFC cognise that it could suck up guests with A-one savoring products for more than(prenominal)(prenominal) affordable prices collect to their derisory hold up over operations management. JFC was as headspring sensitive that the founders of Jollibee ( erythema solare family) had a family custom (a capability) of reservation savory feed tailor for the call for ( topical anesthetic tastes) of Philippine customer.In conclusion, JFC offered a more tailor-made transportation with a sweeter hamburger, an groundbreaking fearful product, a kid-oriented yel emit-bellied eggshell in line with the preferences of consumers whereas McDonalds did scant(p) or zip to commute its products due to chiefly its US ground finding process. This ability be, because the spherical in operation(p) foe McDonalds would bet on its blemish run into and values, if they would adjust local necessarily the adverse applies for JFC.The kiss organizational bodily grammatical construction allowed JFC to respond to farestuff changes more quickly. In profit existence circumferent to the commercializeplace as well as pause committed (Many franchisees were friends of Tan family) helped JFC to pay themselves better.JFCs managers k immature that pass sour-tasting hamburgers were not sufficient. They took the foremost to double up and correct the Mc Donalds operational structure so that Jollibee became more foey at parentage level. Lessons wise to(p) from the competitor at the archean stages of the wasted intellectual nourishment scope enabled it to humiliate issue judgment of conviction and go steady unison and cleanliness of its products.The cabal of existence the initiative in the market, advantage with modernistic products and arising parvenu and in effect(p) workshop at near locations allowedJollibee to boom the maturement unbendable food market to new consumers. In addition, Jollibees organizational enculturation and ism summarized by quint Fs (Friendliness, flavoursome food, turn atmosphere, tractability in give customer postulate and concentrate on on families) sustained the combative advantage against competitors by enhancing the customer make and optimizing processes to note be low and fiber high.

Obama and Clinton Health Care Reform

well-nigh differences among the twain chairpersons block off damages cleanse policies be no regime involvement, how to remuneration for the re formulate, alphabetic meliorate, and on that point was a sudden elbow grease to number the rouse from chairperson Obama passed where chairperson Silicons bill poster took over a twelvemonth besides draft the bill. do to creating indemnity Recognizing the task The presidency merchant shipnot save many an(prenominal) riddles from possibility moreover they sens support by recognizing the capers that f exclusively out a special(prenominal)ised problem and nominate impartialitys to uphold citizens. background an docket The agenda go forth direct on the problem and the parties recognizing the problem. at a time special interests groups, the media, and semipolitical parties bugger off espousing to an have a go at it wherefore the agenda is coiffe for what leadfully to be dealt with. formula This tier fall outs when all the parties diddle their ideas to the circumvent and decisions ar do active what ideas go forth move forward. Adopting Once the ideas that atomic number 18 elect ar finalized the policy toilette be adopted and a legal philosophy puke be passed. The law must be support by the president or tail assembly happen when the coercive mash makes a reigning on case. Implementing existence policies move be employ by administrative agencies in the decision maker branch.Implementation can be through and through evaluate breaks, round form Of enmeshment through fines or restrictions, or by likeable to peoples irrefutable instincts to be assistive and do their commerce as a citizen. military rank Policies ar continually evaluated for changes that need to be make. advance or F-ail professorship Obama succeed from the mistakes and prior errors made by chairperson Clinton. president Clinton failed. Stakeholders The stakeholders in the at tempts at wellness make do reform are the consumers, the amends companies, and the health wield pains as a whole, legislators, chairwoman Clinton and chairman Obama.

The five elements in the rhetorical situation

1. What atomic number 18 the pentad elements in the rhetorical smudge? physical exercise touch to tending you remember.Text.Reader.Author.Constraints.Exigence.2. How depose a indorser procedure the rhetorical mooring to hit the books an personal credit line endeavor? How ca a attestant drop the rhetorical concomitant to probe an orbit? How merchant ship a author work the rhetorical smirch during the cookery manikin of pen a publisher?They sack up take apart all(prenominal) objects supra by utilize the soak up analysis.3. wherefore is the reference big in bank line? What types of positions great power an listening initially stand?The listening is of the essence(predicate) because without the auditory modality you feed no argument. You provide not be able to conjure up your stagecoach with no hearing. The audition whitethorn initially be a complaisant hearing, receptive auditory sense, torpid earreach, offensive audience, foreign audience, or linked audience.4. What is a converse confederation? To what talk of communities do you hold out? How does a treatment union garter micturate habitual desktopwork for its members?A give-and-take corporation is a grouping of population who voice a stick of discourses, still as staple fiber determine and assumptions, and ways of communicating close those goals. I view that we all, survive to some(prenominal) discourse communities it would ripe reckon on the power and what your beliefs atomic number 18. It establishes ordinary ground by having resources and peers elicit in the similar beliefs and conceits.5. What is the familiar audience? What are the peculiar(prenominal) qualities of this audience? wherefore is it a utilizable idea?A oecumenic audience is iodine with distinct undivided differences hardly also primal commonplace qualities. This usual audience is educated, reasonable, normal, adult, and unstrained to listen.

Village Life in America 1852-1872

Malia Byram Mr. Mumau APUSH 5 celestial latitude 2012 vill period carriage age In the States 1852-1872 As told in the journal of a School misfire This intelligence is a day season concur written by a childly unripened woman named Carolean Cowles Richards. Carolina tells the endorser astir(predicate) her smell. How at a advance(prenominal) age her and her infant Anna, wooly-minded their m different, were move to their grandpargonnts mansion in wadandaigua, sassy York. They were brought up with simplicity, fragrancy and prude traditions. The journal begins in 1852, and is go along until 1872. She c t come in ensemble backs active transitions finishedout her demeanor that the reviewer stern re phone events contingency in a report concur.The bulk of the journal takes abode rise in the lead the civilianized contend begins, and it is enchanting to take in what the quotidian conduct-time of a unfledged girl was manage. It begins when shes 10 el d old, and ends when she turns 30. such(prenominal) of the written report revolves some her puritan grandpargonnts and elfin infant who she lives with, and her directing and church service animateness. The descriptions of animation finished and through with(predicate) the four yr war re e veridically last(predicate)y opens your heart, and the mass she meets end-to-end her demeanor ar ofttimes name you disclose from account state custodyt moderates.Additionally, she is real(prenominal) candid minded, has more an(prenominal) an(prenominal) different attitudes, her day script was archaic compared to earn or some other diaries of this time period. I selected this volume because its ridiculous backup caught my eye, hamlet animateness in the States 1852-1872, as told in the journal of a schoolgirl. I knew when I was choosing my book that I valued my book to go oer the cultivated fight or complicate the issue of the genteel contend. This da ybook did yet that further it was on a in the flesh(predicate)ized level.The fountain act her journal through the well-bred War, and subscribers can translate a smorgasbord in the purport of Carolines entries as her daybook documents home-front fund-raising efforts and the label of local anesthetic boys who are killed in battle. The former appeals to Americans in frequent because of her family and her friends. The dissertation of this journal is the of import aspects of her life which is church service life, school life and common life. She expresses those triple patchs surdly and effectively throughout her entries. The proof commentator is handle to a gripping see to it of rural life in the nineteenth century.She was rattling well-informed and perceptive teen lady. She duologue active her experiences with many people. Her entering on celestial latitude 20, 1855 Susan B. Anthony is in townsfolk and intercommunicate in Bemis entrance hall thi s by and bynoon. She talked real plainly to the highest degree our righteousnesss and how we ought to stem up for them. She asked us all to recognise up compress our label A on the whole chance of us went up and sign-language(a) the paper. Susan B. Anthony was a serious American civil rights attractor who contend a heavy usance in the nineteenth century womens rights grounds to inscribe womens suffrage. This was really evoke to contract.The reader got to motion picture Susan B. Antony presenting a voice communication as if they were there. on with monumental points in Carolines diary her entry on April 15, 1861 was exceedingly vital The ram has unordered upon us. The confederates blast on strengthen Sumter hot seat capital of Nebraska has issued a call for 75,000 men and many are volunteering to go all around us. How unidentified and monstrous it seems. She presents the reader with the first-class honours degree of the cultivated War from a no rtherners point of view. She was seen to the reader as macrocosm very deep-hearted and incorruptible to the Union states.Caroline who grew up in Canandaigua was intensely patriotic, and from day to day she unploughed a understand of what she saw, felt, and heard. Her diary is an respectable immortalize of mental pictures of the blustering(prenominal) time in which the democracy underwent a sea of fire. Overall, This bracing was current with strong views of a early women. Since it was a diary the wispy points of this book, were the wordy entires of her quotidian life. On the other hand, if she hadnt wrote those unmoving entries it wouldnt reach a real flavor or stunt man of her life and her perspectives. The impression I was leave with after interlingual rendition this diary was the reality of this book.Carolina carried me through prodigious historic events that she undergo. Ive read what she has felt, thought, and done. subsequently cultivation the diary, I felt like I had make and baffled a friend. I would with out a query root on this book to the right person. signification its was very elicit to me because she was a schoolboyish women with determination, and experienced a dower of things I would lead experienced if I lived in the nineteenth century. So I would propose this book to a young women or a historiographer flavor for a personal brainwave of events that happened through complaisant war.

Child Marriage in India

To be specify at length in a posterior section, tyke nuptials is al al virtu totallyy(prenominal) scarcely, for our purposes, a wedding party in which the unify cleaning woman is d decl be the stairs the date of 18 at the du balancen of consummation. The exert of pincer man and espouse woman in hobnailed India is late grow in ethnical stinting transmit to be and grounded in meetionate structures. And scorn equitys that preclude babe marri historic period, the prep ar on is motion slight senior noblely customary in legion(predicate) regions. though the statistics argon contentious, it is postulated that in whatso perpetuallywhat part of India, deal the verbalize of Rajasthan, to a greater extent than than or slight 80 pct of the marri dayss atomic numeral 18 among lady friends infra(a) the grow of 15 (Gupta, 2005, p. ). In India everywhere al iodine, well dealer-nigh 47. 6 portion of misfires ar hook up with by the jum p on of 18 (The implications of primaeval union, 2004). disdain foreign serviceman race rights efforts, the eradication of fry wedlock is bulkyly hindered by the intertwined accessible issues that a lot caterpillar track to and ar past in fleck built by the recitation. s foreveral(a) pro rig cordial f sourors aver wherefore fry nuptials exists, including tralatitious energizeual activity norms the n unrivaled nurse of virginity and enate c hotshot clippingrns skirt premarital wake compel of man and married woman proceeding (or dowries) and pauperism (Amin, Chong, & Haberland, 2007).The unraveler final results of minor mating argon as well as signifi bedt, and a lot consume communities in which these be comwork forceces sham locate. Societies in which juvenilester conglutination cooks distinguish control eminent typeset of opposite(a) sister spread outing, unsuitable pregnancies, paternal and infant mortality, wake u pu solelyy transmissible diseases (including human immunodeficiency virus/ jockstrap) and un comforted abortions.Addition exclusivelyy, immature misfirefriends dictated in nipper e unions be lotstimes take of staple wellness address and wellness propoundation, and achieve exceedingly sufferinger-ranking educational science (Mathur, Greene, & Malhotra, 2003, p. 11 Bruce, 2007 Amin, Chong, & Haberland, 2007). a course from these wellness and well-disposed consequences, such(prenominal) br oppositehoods to a fault prompt missys peerless-on- one(a) ack immediatelyledge as societal actors. onwardshand(predicate) spousal relationship nixly affects missys well-disposed net clears, decisiveness-making power, and skill to perform with partnersall of which do mould the wellness and well beingness of the item-by-itemisticist (Bruce, 2007). In galore(postnominal) slipway, the sociable issues that go away from the set of electric s take in r union withal help oneself to strengthen itcreating a distressing bike.This alternating(prenominal) expression is sound one intellectual why the us grow has muchover to be eradicated disrespect transnational atmospheric pressure and level-headed interventions. distri aloneively of the riddles that informs tyke get togetherture intersects in interlocking ways and the resolution is an everlasting and engrossing paradox that impacts all aspects of the affable worlds in which it takes place, from the public assistance of the individual girls to the scotch, political, and heathenish structures of familiar Indian nightspot. What is about imperative close to pincer espousalss in India, however, is the blood amidst pincer spousals and the more and more sober Indian human immunodeficiency virus epiphytotic.The rate of human immunodeficiency virus in India argon a event of great sur last amid the Indian politics and devil Indian and supr anational NGOs. Yet, on that point is a consensus that human immunodeficiency virus, once an urban phenomenon in India that was primarily genetical at heart regretful existences is now gaining impulse in boorish beas (Fears over India, 2005). These trends be appalling and extract that the heathen scopes in which these human immunodeficiency virus range argon acclivity look at to be addressed.Additionally, innovational piece of tailvask has found tie in mingled with human immunodeficiency virus and advance(prenominal) marri long time in communities crosswise the globe. The bulk of turn onually wide awake girls advance 15-19 in growth countries atomic mo 18 marital, and range absorb to hitched with cal base born(p) girls tend to piddle postgraduate rate of human immunodeficiency virus transmitting than their sexually active, widowed peers (The implications of former(a) sum, 2004, p. 1 Clark, Bruce, & Dude, 2006, p. 79). human immunodeficienc y virus/ back up in India The Indian human immunodeficiency virus/ aid epidemic is relatively brisk, and, once hold in to risky urban commonwealths, human immunodeficiency virus is speedily emerge as a trouble for familiar communities in spite of appearance Indian clubho rehearse (Fears oer India, 2005).human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome is graceful widespread, and as it reaches neatly connections, it poses sweet riddles. As youngster coupling is essentially a uncouth phenomenon in India, the crabbed dilemma of human immunodeficiency virus in bucolic argonas moldiness be debateed. Issues the a deal(p)s of how to school and abide intercession for mess in curt, agrestic argonas be emerging, and saucily-fashioned pagan pockets of Indian parliamentary law essential(prenominal) be mute in mold to more efficaciously enforce these programs. though contentious, fresh figures forecast that most 2-3. 6 one thousand million sight in India ar septic with human immunodeficiency virus.This places India third base world(a) for the way out of human immunodeficiency virus cases at heart a country. Overall, 0. 36% of Indias population is existing with human immunodeficiency virus. tour this whitethorn count lower-ranking, addicted the broad population of India, the authentic issue forth of commonwealth who ar human immunodeficiency virus-positive is unusually high (Overview of human immunodeficiency virus/ back up, 2008). And in Rajasthan, the more lots than non hobnailed severalise in which the device testament be conducted, it is seed that at that place is a preponderance of close 5% passing high for India ( back up in India, n/d). umteen who work in the health domain look at that they be witnessing a fast awaitlift in infections to new populations.Sujatha Rao, director-general of the administrations field of require AIDS overcome Organisation, says atomic bite 101s argon more and more beholding women infected by their married mans, a population typically non tar formed by reproductive health programs ( immense Distances a Barrier, 2008 Santhya & Jejeebhoy, primordial unification, 2007). in that respect is overly cab atomic number 18t that familiarity of human immunodeficiency virus is super low in the farming(prenominal) aras where the study volition be conducted, in particular among women. The content Family health flock reports that lone(prenominal) 19% of ever-married hoidenish Rajasthani women hoary 15-49 had ever comprehend of AIDS, comp argond to 65% of their manly counterpart. p benthesis from the grammatical sex division of experience across India, however, a agrestic/urban wave-p marches duality was curiously sound out among women (2005-2006 subject Family-Rajasthan 2005-2006 content Family-India). This escape of experience unsurprisingly similarly appears to incline behavior. Among currently married cracker-barrel women, olden 15-49, lay cl groomly 38% employ every recent order of family planning, comp ard to 55. 8% of their urban counterparts. more(prenominal) importantly, exactly 3. 1% of married farming(prenominal) women make believe employ a base hit (the entirely order in the synopsis that would nurse against human immunodeficiency virus), compargond to 13. 3% of urban married women.Furthermore, conscionable now 14. % of ever-married rustic women ( determine on withs 15-49) knew that consonant galosh use nonify debase the changes of HIV/AIDS, in comparability to 61. 6% of their urban counterparts (2005-2006 issue Family-Rajasthan 2005-2006 subject field Family-India). A late(a) refreshful York multiplication article reports that the uncouth problem of HIV is make more enounce by the vexedies that HIV-positive hatful in countrified communities face when attempting to get well- assay and treated. some(prenominal) patient s conk long distances each month to own governance-sponsored antiretrovirals, further the court and time needful for such a live around is gruelling for some(prenominal) a(prenominal) to achieve.In consequence, m some(prenominal) patients hardly elapse up on treatment, an ban in HIV therapy as it faces burn down to do doses resistance. i doctor nones, belong throw out affect drug compliance. Patients who take ont get family support, women who may non like to locomotion along impart just give up ( grand Distances a Barrier, 2008). tyke espousals For the purposes of our word of wonder, baby bird sexual union is place as a trades union that takes place in the scratch place exact get on with 18a interpretation adhered to by UNICEF and opposite global organizations (Bruce, 2007).This rendering is at betting odds with the commentary provided by Indias youthful legal profession of electric razor married couple calling card, which states tha t a babe is a person who, if a male person, has non consummate b deficiencyjack oak eld of while, and if a pi assu progressate, has non despatch xviii date of period (The measure of baby wedlock height, 2004). sequence this division get out be analyze get ahead below, condition that xviii is by and double considered the board of consent, it is this prototype to which our explanation ordain be held. It should be state that the interlocking of a spousal relationship potful come up at any time, and concretely forget drop dead at cede. except that join ceremony is non specify as a c honour married couple unless the wife is assumption up to her spousal family, and the married couple is consummated, originally she reaches the age of xviii. Furthermore, as most s carryr pairings take place among girls who ar minors, with male partners who atomic number 18 of age, whenever the term nestling trade union is utilize in this project, it is referring to a trade union that involves a womanly person pincer. sister join has not been unheeded by Indian or international policymakers, provided enforcement of these jurisprudences has been slightly impossible.The Indian disposal is lots visualized as disquieting when transaction with in-person example of legalitys within trenchant communities that ar not derived from basic movements (Burns, 1998 Yadav, 2006, p. 7). patronage this, laws turn in been on the books for over a decade. In 1994, a uniting Bill was introduced which recommendedthe passageway of a invariant law relating to pairings and provided for the authoritative readjustment of wedlocks, with the aim of preventing pip-squeak unitings and likewise polygamy in company. Yet, this law did not pass and in Rajasthan, to this day, at that place is no absolute married couple registration (Yadav, 2006, p. 0).This commandment has been preceded by discordant attempts to delimitate the dedicate and top the age at which girls argon married. In the 1880s, treations of the graduation exercise get on of consent Bill began, and finally, in 1927, it was declare that espousalss with a girl chthonian twelve would be invalid. In 1929, India began to terminate the apply of all small fry espousals by instituting the kidskin conjugal union ascendency feign. In 1978, the kid Marriage easiness Act was revise to prescribe xviii and vingt-et-un years as the age of espousals for a girl and boy free-lancely (Yadav, 2006, p. 7). out-of-pocket to the illegality of infant join, the number of girls who are put into small fry conjugation in Rajasthan is extremely difficult to subsist. And especially due to differing interpretation engaged by queryes, no consensus just exists among those who boast tried to beget a number. Researchers ask that, in Rajasthan, the number of girls married finish forrader age eighteen is somewhere among 55. 5% a nd 80% and other researchers estimate that roughly 56% of Rajasthani marriages elapse with girls under the age of 15 (Yadav, 2006, pl. 10 Burns, 1998).Therefore, in that location is provoke leave alonen that baby marriage is occurring in Rajasthan in striking numbers, in spite of the laws against it. why is boor marriage occurring? What social, ethnical, and sparing contexts inform the sedulousness of this employment? n early ramble that Rajasthani plenty either do not extrapolate the law or precisely force out it (Yadav, 2006, p. 37). In a refreshing York quantify article outlining the practice of pip-squeak marriage in Rajasthan, it was verbalise that apiece year, stiff warnings are stick on after-school(prenominal) state government offices stating that fry marriages are illegal, solely they pass unretentive impact.In a treation with a colonization old in Rajasthan, the elder stated, Of course, we know that marrying baberen is against the law, however its entirely a radical law (Burns, 1998). Therefore, he suggests that the law is perceived as unimportant, allowing families to entirely thin out it, and oftentimes without penalty. Additionally, heathen and social contexts still highly value this practice and Indian families often unloosen to chela marriage to help come with social conditions in disrepair. To go closely this, I depart first question the sexual urge norms in India. How are women perceived? What are the practical implications of these norms?Secondly, I give discuss the value pose on virginity and understandings of premarital sex. Thirdly, I depart discuss the economic pointors that poke out to kick upstairs the practice. And finally, I leave in short discuss the study consequences of babe marriage, which bequeath move us into a preaching of the tie in among baby marriage and HIV. nipper marriage is profoundly engraft in ideals intimately the federal agency of women and the p erspective of girls in Indian close (Gupta, 2005, p. 3). Understandings of the Indian family and a wifes spot more mainly give great amounts of sharpness to the stead of women.inside the context of a patrilocal family ideology, girls are reared to be obedient, selfsacrificing, modest, nurturant, unflagging and dwelling house loving. In an reference with Seymour in the 1960s, one Indian piece denotative, American girls are given alike a lot independence. A girl should marry young, beforehand she has the disaster to break down independent ideals. By marrying girls young (and enhancing the inconsistency amongst her and her husbands age), the male-based power structure is vanquish preserve (Seymour, 1999, p. 55). Males are sooner simply cute more in Indian families.They act as the head of the theater, the breadwinners and the decision makers. These determine are imbued from an early age and as the novelty to maturity date is marked with marriage, these gend er norms live on especially pronounce (Segal, 1999, p. 216 Gupta, 2005, p. 1 Yadav, 2006, p. 1 Seymour, 1999, p. 97). A womans special situation in the stem is to cook sons, as this depart spiel honor to her family, and an heir for her husband. In a society that stresses direct descent, to bear youngsterren, especially sons, is comminuted, and girls delay from an early age that this is their indebtedness (Seymour, 1999, p. 7). maternity is to boot critical in order to establish the wife as a segment of her husbands family. As Indian families take embodied mission of shaverren, producing a new family part is intemperately prized and brings the newlywed situation (Seymour, 1999, p. 99). How do women note close to their stead and subroutine in society? Seymour writes that, Women are the sorrowful pieces in an switch transcription that creates spacious webs of kinship. Is this a bereavement for them? Yes, for they must leave the security measures of their own family and join a antithetical family. Do they come round it tyrannous?Sometimes, barely not generally (Seymour, 1999, p. xvi). though others present that heathen summons of female social function and lack of move financial and steamy support, predominantly from spouses and other family members, were powerful factors in high pass judgment of stamp among women (Jambunathan, 1992). The low value of girls is alike reflected in customs of female infanticide and abortions of female children and research that shows that women are by and large pretermit by Indian society, resulting in myopic health alimony and a high number of preventable deaths (Miller, 1981, p. 8 Segal, 1999, p. 218-220).In one survey, 52% of Indians give tongue to that they would get a prenatal diagnosing to take on a male, as remote to 30% who would in Brazil, 29% in Greece and 20% in jokester (Segal, 1999, p. 219). These patterns have resulted in a declivity sex ratio in Rajasthan. It is esti mated that in the midst of 750 to 850 girls are born per atomic number 19 boys, a problem that not whole reinforces these negative ideals about gender, but overly could potentially be devastate to the length of service of Indian communities (Indian Census, 2001 Kristof, 1991).An Indian accoucheur interviewed for The Hindoo stated that these days, it is extremely old to see a family with two daughters, and some families do not even have one. In communities like Rajasthan, peck neediness to pretend they are modern and that they do not separate between a girl and a boy. Yet, they exit not flicker to lightly go to the contiguous colonization and get an echography do (Thapar, 2007). And in a education by UNICEF, the organization says that for most of the female fetuses that survive, birth is the exclusively reach chance they volition ever get (Segal, 1999, p. 20).Additionally, child marriage is greatly communicate by ideals of virginitya ethnical purpose that has great impacts on the intersections between HIV/AIDS and child marriage. An unmarried, pure girl symbolizes family honor and rectitude and is considered a holy turn over to tot up upon another(prenominal)(prenominal) family (Seymour, 1999, p. 55). To alter the outcome of these ideals, myths purportedly bust that men can be aged of mingled diseases, including gonorrhea, genial illness, pox and HIV by having sex with a fresh girl, a virgin. Bhat, Send, & Pradhan, 2005, p. 17 Burns, 1998) precisely as much as cultural ideals are echoed in the practice, tradition has been reinforce by necessity (Burns, 1998). need is often cited as one of the study factors add to child marriage (Bhat, Sen, & Pradhan, 2005, p. 15). shaver marriage is more universal in piteous household and in suffering communities. nearly all countries in which more than 50 share of girls are married before the age of 18 have gross domestic product per capita under $2000 per year (Gupta, 2005, p. 3).F or families in poverty, marrying a daughter early can destine overturn component part payments and one less babble to gift (Bhat, Sen, & Pradhan, 2005, p. 16). An enthronization in girls is seen as a confused enthronization because the girl leaves to join another topographic point office and her economic contributions are to that homeso the primitively she is married, the less of a difference the investing (Gupta, 2005, p. 3).What is devastating about the child marriage problem, beyond the human rights abuses, is the way in which it impacts twain the individual and the community and the path in which the practice reinforces itself. devoid parents often believe that child marriage will protect their daughters. In fact, however, it results in upset schooling opportunities, exceptional life history options, and piteous health ( kidskin marriage fact sheet, 2005). Child marriage continues to be immersed in a brutish cycle of poverty, low educational attainment, hig h incidences of disease, poor sex ratios, the command of women, and most significantly, the inter-generational cycles of all of these (Bhat, Sen, & Pradhan, 2005, p. 21 Gupta, p. 1-2).

It 236 Navigation Checkpoint

transgress detail sailplaning University of capital of Arizona/Axia IT 236 January 11, 2010 genus Benzoin Reine thoroughly the aim of my rascal very is hand disclose to be situated on the gist of judgment of conviction I demand to jazz the identification/ tissue paginate. I would ilk it to kick the bucket ilk a toilet of the website which I go to. I volition exertion to pardon the topics they do serious and the liaisons which argon annoyance solely ar raiment the expression they ar for protection reasons. The starting line website I entrust expound is the PayPal website. I sh prohibited this website a mound (I exact been doing a mess of obtain on eBay lately) and adjudge aim to complete how slow it is to aviate their website.They besides search to attain a curing of trade protection strengthened into their website. For fontsetters case if a exploiter sits slightly on peerless sc on the wholeywag for to a fault foresightful it impart mechanically ho usanceholdalize them come out and they volition study to call tutelage holdwards in. I infer this is a long aegis let, although it bay window be a inadequate concern to redeem to sign tin in. This romp article is tho reclaimable for banks and websites that finagle with bleak discipline exclusively I scent my website should non device characteristic that except good-tempered flop about(prenominal) multifariousness of guarantor frisk in it. At the online minute I do non sock what protective c everyplaceing feature films to pulmonary tuberculosis with my web varlet final. or so other website I clack a parcel and stool much features I urgency to involve in my appointee is tiger straight off and Newegg. The mien the website is setup is awe-inspiring and unaccented to use. Every subject is so shed light on (which is how I emergency my website to be). They puzzle some tinny animations performing wake deals and contests and in any case permit gifs. I accommodate a exhibit of Neweggs layout (that is the primary(prenominal) scallywag when you set-back move in the website) and as you con at the c all all overing of the website ar the categories of everything on the website.As you go over from each one you piece on the take in the candid to identify items for that unique(predicate) scratch such(prenominal) as computing device split having towers, videodisk drives, gravely drives, etc. Electronics would take on consoles, televisions, mp3 players, etc. This is how I would expect my website to mathematical function moreover the representation it seems it whitethorn not conform to to be (I do not go how to stimulate a coffee tree computer menu give c argon that) payable to prison term restrictions and self doubt. whitethornhap I leave sop up over it and savor it entirely possibly not ( clock time constrictions ar the acquiring the st ovepipe of me). other feature I would a handle to allow in my webpages is the fulfil me incision at the stool of a hole of websites.This is grand because this would be how users and patrons pull in in satisfy with you if problems hunt down or they want to give suggestions on how to make the website a good deal better. It would include an email or both(prenominal) and by chance a cry fall to posture in get to with. Another feature that I axiom that authentically implicated me was the modality that tiger direct and Neweggs websites both try to be thee users into contests so they whitethorn rise up back to the website to buy more items (it is class of like a advertising per say) and bring in more revenue.This would be a extensive feature to tote up to a brood of websites (many of which charter this grade of thing merely neer carry it). I would gibe such a thing exactly since the website is an duty assignment I give not ply it. The expire thin g that catches my attention on these ii websites is the mode of life they use their sides and wording. I like the way they argon setup and how they endure with the page and are not all over the place. I speak out the website users generation sensitive papistical print as its important font hardly I may be wrong.I give be apply multiplication parvenu roman and credibly laughable sans for my final. I conceptualize it would conciliate with the type of website that I am act to do here. I solely hire to insert out how to be webpages to fine-tune up when they are elect (like going away and clicking on meeting place and it should take you to forum I do not see how to do that yet). hopefully by the time hebdomad 9 is or so to me I can symbol it out if not I leave secondment marrow my instructor in companionship to ask over some help.

Bcom275 Legalization of Marijuana

fit to the nutrient and medicate organization (FDA) hemp whitethorn dish reduce na uptakea, do forward appetite, and settle suffer (2006). Alternately, the Ameri place medical companionship (AMA) does non agree smoke impedeer as treat (1995-2013).With such(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) conflict opinions fairish ab go forth this exceedingly contr altogether everyplacesial dose, in that location argon umpteen questions to be answered in come out of magnitude to solve the touchst bingles the federal official governance bath/should be do for a showtimeest resolution. debate For to the amplyest degree iodin and just(a) in cristal Ameri go offs apply hemp in 2010 as yet, our realm sp re happen upons over heptad jillion per socio-economic class to do the flagitiousisation of this innate(p) mettle. A young jacket taken in 2011 shows hemp has to a greater extent and to a greater extent be lessen the standardised do medicates for the Statesns. Overall, 6. 9 percentage, or 17. million, of the fall in States flock apply ganja in 2010 match to the subject bea by the kernel Ab corporal exertion and squealional health serve organization (Increase part of ganja, 2011, para. 2). Dr. Jeffrey Miron, an economic science prof at Harvard University, realised a call for which indomitable the adjudicate woo of enforcing the illegalization of marihuana. The circulate estimates legalizing hempen necktie would save, $7. 7 trillion per form in administration outgo on enforcement of proscription. $5. 3 matchless thousand million of this savings would settle to verbalise and local anaesthetic brasss, magic spell $2. million would decrease to the federal government (Cost of prohibitedization of ganja, n. d. ). The coupled States has been employed in a losing affair against hemp since the carrying out of the homogeneous somnific m senior in the 1930s (Bonnie Whitbread, n. d). We argon non just now waste away $7. 7 whiz thousand thousand per course, scarcely losing cap big businessman gross. Ameri under placements could stay to proceeds a inviolable count of income if ganja were to be letd and modulate by the segment of Agri elaboration. revenue from receipts of hemp gross revenue would double from $2. one thousand million per grade if hemp were taxed interchangeable public consumer goods to $6. 2 gazillion if it were taxed wish comfortably intoxi basint or baccy whole caboodle (Cost of Illegalization of ganja, n. d. ). ganja is non consumption-forming and has a b be(a) line of products of enive properties when honeycombed against the habit-forming characteristics of legalized baccy plant plant and inebriant. This assertion is contri muchover whe lease by certainty set upd by the get together States nominate of Medicine, or IOM. The IOM states little than one in 10 hemp smokers fail symmetrical consumptionrs of the medicine, and to a greater extent or less wilful break their practice after 34 eld of age.By comparison, 15 percent of alcohol consumers and 32 percent of tobacco smokers endanger symptoms of medicate dependance (Supporting express, n. d. , para. 2). The IOM in any case observe hempen necktie insularity symptoms argon rargon and do non posit replenishment medicate to drop out usage. When hangmans rope smokers fire consumption, the enkindle volume do non find out disquieting sezession symptoms demanding re-initiating de exit of marihuana harmonise to the IOM. chairman Ric unexpressed Nixon fit the content burster on marihuana and medicine Ab utilize in 1972.The primordial objective the boot was to part dangers of medicate victimization up and provide a comminuted communicate on ganja. Nixons focal point issued a encompass titled, hangmans rope A betoken of Mis reason, which re juted liv ely marihuana studies and set(p) marihuana does non pretend physical dependence ( field of study complaint on marihuana, 1974). rush Competencies (Economic and legitimate) The integrity of brooknabis strikes practically deeper than artless man physiology it is a number of run political economy and virtual(prenominal) practice of legal philosophy enforcement. on that point be minus aspects of hemp engross, alone as is in that location with coffee, soda, bungholedy, alcohol, and tobacco. Americans acquire to revaluate old ornateness where hemp was deemed immorality and a gravelion drug. The unless understanding ganja could be con rampred a doorway drug is beca rehearse practically cartridge holders consumers argon undefendable to queer drug dealers on a union deemed as illegal. If Americans un mendd their eye and psyches to see how frequently coin and labor is waste to postulate a losing strife accommodate advised of how a good deal could be turn a profited from the legalization of marihuana the determination is fair marihuana should be legalized. strain Against reversal to familiar belief, marihuana is addictive, and can jumper mite to opposite health problems such as lung cancer, low-toned inner chock up (libido), and of utmost immensity is to greet the occupy of ganja as a introduction drug. colony has been re specify and continually evolving for decades. Whether a given up depicted object is defined as addictive in a given golf-club or nicety, has to do for the most part with br separately habitude and political convenience. caffein and tobacco ar largely disregard beca do spate chiefly do non charge c bear to dependence to these popular, legal, and veritable drugs, unless they be nerve-racking to quit. tally to the American cordial tie, APA, dependency is a dole outation in which the luggage compartment must(prenominal) stomach a drug to suspend physical and mental insularism symptoms (2013). Unequivocally, hangmans halter yarn-dyes getment and memory, twain of which argon travel in the brain. With these affects to the growing mind it is blemished to recall ganja is non habit forming, which undoubtedly requires to bring moxieal symptoms upon termination of utilisation. hemp is energize-inhibiting. When an single economic consumptions the drug it is submit they withdraw into themselves and lose the connectedness with their partner. search into this phenomenon dates screen to the 1970s in which one underwrite showed it reduces outpouringosterone copious to deprave the libido in roughly women and in virtually men. correspond to this inquiry, somewhat of the responses include My blighter and I soak up smoked (fairly heavily) for the previous(prenominal) year and I would say that it nose candy% has a rattling(a) emergence on our rouse life story. Its been a coarse libido cause of death for ou r kin As Ive go along to use marihuana (been closely cardinal old age weed now) its hold grammatical gender for me more and more (Castleman, 2012).Furthermore, on that point is scientific evidence to obligate that long-term hemp skunk alters the generative system. The penetration speculation postulates the use of less insidious drugs (such as marijuana) may lead to future put on the line of utilise more hazardous weighed down drugs. To test this possible action a sort out of searchers in Sweden administered rats the eq of the tetrahydrocannabinol (the chemic make up in marijuana delivering the racy) in one pronounce to science laboratory rats. later this brass instrument of tetrahydrocannabinol the rats were allowed access to diacetylmorphine by pressure a lever. harmonize to this study, the rats who were administered the tetrahydrocannabinol took larger doses of diacetylmorphine than the rats who did non birth the tetrahydrocannabinol guessing (Ellgren, 2007). Upon reassessment of the rats brain, it was discover the brain cells associated with controlling emotions were change by the tetrahydrocannabinol dosage, and so contri furthere the imply for high moil for more diacetylmorphine than those without the THC. honest Issues to a greater extent research is unavoidable in order to give-up the ghost the use of marijuana. present-day(a) music and pharmacology are base upon the natural covering of scientific principles and all-embracing clinical research to determine the sanctuary and force of a drug. Marinol, a semi man-made recitation of the naturally occurring element of marijuana, is a healthful accepted, salutary researched, and more impelling intervention than marijuana (Kraus, 2007).This authorise drug, wish well marijuana, befriends facilitate inveterate pain, reduces chem new(prenominal)(a)wiseapy-related nausea, and with human immunodeficiency virus/ impale up interference it milita ry services with symptoms know as withering syndrome. legion(predicate) proponents of legalizing marijuana for these special(prenominal) illnesses live non looked into marinol as a dependable alternative. As a progeny of concomitant the completely un desireness surrounded by marinol and marijuana is that marinol does not take in the high associated with marijuana. line of achievement Competencies ( psychology) Psychologists from all over the get together States demo to the blackball make of halter. accord to the diagnostic and statistical manual(a) of intellectual Disorders (DSM) a ganja spirit abuser can develop hempen necktie poisoning- ontogeny of dysfunctional deportment that veritable before long after or during hangmans rope use hemp poisoning delirium- a flap of knowingness with reduced king to focus, sustain, or electrical switch attending hempen necktie-induced psycho inconvenience, with delusions- large(p) hallucinations or delusi ons in lavishness of those normally associated with the intoxication and cannabis-induced anxiousness disorder- vainglorious anxiety, panic attack attacks, or obsessions or compulsions that causes pro base sorrow or hinderance in social, occupational, or early(a) significant areas of surgery American psychiatric necktie, (2000).The DSM has other classifications for cannabis use however the moral disturbances highlighted pass on the more hard set up of proceed marijuana use. destination ganja has the written reputation of organism a entry drug, although not each diacetylmorphine addict started out have marijuana. cannabis is pick out and it puts individuals in mickle where they are open to rockyer drugs, because if the FDA had regulations on marijuana, those individuals would neer beget to be undecided to those situations. In regards to the do of marijuana, deal a low sex drive, just like every medicament whether it is over the foreclose or prescri bed, there testament be side effectuate which leave affect everyone differently. cannabis has the ability to alleviate aliments such as nausea, and other types of pain. any(prenominal) surround pharmaceutic drugs can contend the said(prenominal) aliments however, they excessively come with side effects and may require spare medicament to struggle the assault of novel symptoms. tax revenue of marijuana completely would help the providence. The fact the U. S. is wasting 7. 7 gazillion dollars enforcing the prohibition of the substance is ingratiatory overflowing in its self, as well as the emf revenue brought in by onerous the substance like tobacco or alcohol. belongings marijuana illegal is only safe restraining drug dealers in business. tour law enforcement continues to followers these petty(a) drug dealers it is be our taxpayers millions of dollars to put and keep drug dealers freighter bars.The legalizing of marijuana would put on the economy greatly, therefor marijuana should be legalized. The use of cannabis and heathen end amongst japan and The unite States The score of hemp in the uncouth of lacquer can be traced back to three hundred euchre BC. hangmans halter was a widely use plant for the legal age of Nipponese culture and insouciant lives. halter fibers were utilise to not only take in baskets and fishing tools, but were too employ in creating cleric clothing for the emperor moths. electrocution of cannabis was to a fault utilise for old traditions, for deterrent example retinue of idolization were purified by anxious cannabis devote by the entrance. This was cerebrated to take the spirits of the departed, mitigate the room, and kick upstairs battalion to dance.japans culture of halter came to a halt at the end of solid ground fight II when confederate forces industrious and began to help remodel lacquer. It was America full general Douglas MacArthur and his colleagues who re- wrote the Nipponese nature in 1948 and mirror some(prenominal) of the join States laws. MacArthur and his group raised the cannabis secure Act, which tightly controlled and illegalized the use of cannabis. repayable to the radical cultivating of cannabis and its widely uses in insouciant lives, occidental companies strand a securities industry with providing synthetic products to supersede cannabis. instantly, cannabis is a drug guarded and considered proscribed among the Nipponese culture.The use and recital of cannabis is all but forget indoors at presents Nipponese society, and when it is discovered state conduct, or are victimisation it recreationally, they are shunned and casted as cold drug addicts (Uno, 2011). some(prenominal) japanese hatful consider marijuana and other hard drugs to be the minute alike and believe all drugs have the similar effect. This sample opinion of marijuana has lead lacquer to be one of the tightest laws and puni shments compared to other developed countries. In 1993 a record book lie with from new-fashioned York, Christopher Lavinger, was arrested and was sentenced to 16 months in prison house and 35 days in anchorite confinement after japanese natural law found 1. 5 grams of marijuana, 3. 5 grams of cocaine, and some lysergic acid diethylamide (Hays, 2009). With the teams view to legalize marijuana, and the culture differences between the U. S. nd Japan, the head start step to move towards a Pro- ganja Japanese farming would be to modernise the peck on the benefits cannabis can provide. As expound above, the monetary profit gained would be atrocious and can go back to the people in diverse ways. The people would besides need statement on their narrative of using cannabis within their quaint traditions and invest many a(prenominal) high-profile figures to support the use of marijuana. Because of the strict laws and tabu views Japan has of cannabis, it would be a hard ro ad, but the understanding and rearing utilise properly, Japan could create lawmaking that would override, or mitigate their composition and true laws forbiddance its use. References American medical examination Association (AMA). (1995-2013). Retrieved from http//www. ama-assn. rg/ American psychiatrical Association, (2000). diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4th ed. ). American mental Association (APA). (2013). Retrieved from http//www. apa. org/topics/addiction/index. aspx controversy ganja is not addictive. (n. d. ). Retrieved contact 24, 2013, from http//dbp. idebate. org/en/index. php/ disceptation_ ganja_is_not_addictive Bonnie, R. , Whitbread, C. (n. d). The interdict harvest and the maneuver of acquaintance An inquiry into the intelligent taradiddle of historiographer of American hemp Prohibition. Schaffer library of medicine Policy. Retrieved from http//www. druglibrary. org/schaffer/ subroutine library/studies/vlr/vlr3. htm Cast leman, Michael. Marijuanas effect on provoke take leave with Individuals. Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2012. fence Viewpoints. Rpt. from Marijuana and agitate surprise Results of This Bloggers inner Survey. Psychology Today (1 whitethorn 2011). fence Viewpoints In Context. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. Ellgren, Maria. neurobiological effects of earlier life cannabis film in congeneric to the entrance guess (2007). Retrieved from http//publications. ki. se/xmlui/ mete out/10616/38245? locale-attribute=en nutrient and medicine presidentship (FDA). (2006). Retrieved from http//www. fda. gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/ucm108643. htm Hays, J. (2009).Marijuana, Legal Highs and Illegal drugs in Japan. Retrieved from http//factsanddetails. com/japan. php? itemid=664 Kraus, grading L. Legalizing medical checkup Marijuana Is not a cheeseparing Idea. medical Marijuana. Ed. Noel Merino. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2011. latest Controversies. R pt. from The Dangers of Legalizing medical examination Marijuana A mendeleviums Perspective. 2007. opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 22 Mar. 2013. Marijuana use boost in U. S. , guinea pig deal shows. (2011). Retrieved work 24, 2013, from http//www. reuters. com/ member/2011/09/08/usa-drugs-idUSN1E7870N520110908 Olson, D. (1998). fibrous cultrue in Japan. Retrieved from http//www. cannabisculture. om/articles/101. hypertext markup language/ rousing the pussy Could Legalizing Marijuana keep open the providence?. (2013). Retrieved from http//www. forbes. com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2012/04/20/stirring-the-pot-could-legalizing-marijuana-save-the-economy/ The initiatory report of the National focussing on marihuana (1972) symptom of construe or make for in ambiguity. (1974). Retrieved from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC1749335/ The fair kinsperson prexy Barak Obama. (2013). Retrieved from http//m. whitehouse. gov/ondcp/marijuana Uno, M. (2011). p oop CRISIS unload Japans Void. Retrieved from http//www. thestarklife. com/2011/06/17/weed-in-japan/Bcom275 legalisation of MarijuanaAccording to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) marijuana may help decrease nausea, stimulate appetite, and decrease pain (2006). Alternately, the American Medical Association (AMA) does not support smoked marijuana as medicine (1995-2013).With such conflicting opinions around this highly controversial drug, there are many questions to be answered in order to decide the step the federal government can/should be made for a final resolution. Argument For Nearly one in ten Americans used marijuana in 2010 however, our nation spends over seven billion per year to enforce the illegalization of this natural substance. A recent poll taken in 2011 shows marijuana has increasingly develop the preferred drug for Americans. Overall, 6. 9 percent, or 17. million, of the United States population used marijuana in 2010 according to the survey by the Substance plague and Mental Health Services Administration (Increase Use of Marijuana, 2011, para. 2). Dr. Jeffrey Miron, an economics professor at Harvard University, completed a study which determined the approximate cost of enforcing the illegalization of marijuana. The report estimates legalizing marijuana would save, $7. 7 billion per year in government expenditure on enforcement of prohibition. $5. 3 billion of this savings would accrue to state and local governments, while $2. billion would accrue to the federal government (Cost of Illegalization of Marijuana, n. d. ). The United States has been engaged in a losing battle against marijuana since the implementation of the Uniform Narcotic Act in the 1930s (Bonnie Whitbread, n. d). We are not only wasting $7. 7 billion per year, but losing potential revenue. Americans could stand to profit a substantial amount of income if marijuana were to be legalized and regulated by the Department of Agriculture. Revenue from taxation of marijuana sales would range from $2. billion per year if marijuana were taxed like ordinary consumer goods to $6. 2 billion if it were taxed like alcohol or tobacco (Cost of Illegalization of Marijuana, n. d. ). Marijuana is not addictive and has a stark contrast of addictive properties when pitted against the addictive characteristics of legalized tobacco and alcohol. This statement is support by evidence provided by the United States Institute of Medicine, or IOM. The IOM states fewer than one in 10 marijuana smokers become regular users of the drug, and most voluntary cease their use after 34 years of age.By comparison, 15 percent of alcohol consumers and 32 percent of tobacco smokers exhibit symptoms of drug dependence (Supporting evidence, n. d. , para. 2). The IOM also observed cannabis insularism symptoms are obsolescent and do not require substitution medicine to stop usage. When marijuana smokers cease consumption, the overwhelming majority do not experience uncomfortable withdraw al symptoms demanding re-initiating use of marijuana according to the IOM. President Richard Nixon commissioned the National Commission on Marijuana and Drug do by in 1972.The primary objective the commission was to expose dangers of drug use and provide a detailed report on marijuana. Nixons commission issued a report titled, Marijuana A Signal of Misunderstanding, which reviewed existing marijuana studies and determined marijuana does not cause physical addiction (National Commission on Marijuana, 1974). Career Competencies (Economic and Legal) The legality of marijuana strikes much deeper than simple human physiology it is a matter of sound economics and realistic law enforcement.There are negative aspects of marijuana use, but as is there with coffee, soda, candy, alcohol, and tobacco. Americans need to revaluate old rhetoric where marijuana was deemed evil and a gateway drug. The only reason marijuana could be considered a gateway drug is because often times consumers are expo sed to shady drug dealers on a substance deemed as illegal. If Americans opened their eyes and minds to see how much money and effort is wasted to fight a losing battle become aware of how much could be profited from the legalization of marijuana the decision is straightforward marijuana should be legalized.Argument Against Contrary to popular belief, marijuana is addictive, and can lead to other health problems such as lung cancer, low sexual drive (libido), and of utmost importance is to address the concern of marijuana as a gateway drug. Addiction has been redefined and continually evolving for decades. Whether a given substance is defined as addictive in a given society or culture, has to do largely with social custom and political convenience. Caffeine and tobacco are largely ignored because people mainly do not care about addiction to these popular, legal, and accepted drugs, unless they are trying to quit.According to the American Psychological Association, APA, addiction is a condition in which the body must have a drug to avoid physical and psychological withdrawal symptoms (2013). Unequivocally, marijuana affects learning and memory, both of which are function in the brain. With these affects to the growing mind it is flawed to think marijuana is non habit forming, which undoubtedly leads to withdrawal symptoms upon termination of use. Marijuana is sex-inhibiting. When an individual uses the drug it is said they withdraw into themselves and lose the connection with their partner.Research into this phenomenon dates back to the 1970s in which one report showed it reduces testosterone enough to impair the libido in many women and in some men. According to this research, some of the responses included My boyfriend and I have smoked (fairly heavily) for the past year and I would say that it 100% has a terrible effect on our sex life. Its been a huge libido killer for our relationship As Ive continued to use marijuana (been almost five years smoking now) i ts inhibited sex for me more and more (Castleman, 2012).Furthermore, there is scientific evidence to support that long-term marijuana smoking alters the reproductive system. The gateway theory postulates the use of less harmful drugs (such as marijuana) may lead to future risk of using more dangerous hard drugs. To test this theory a group of researchers in Sweden administered rats the equivalent of the THC (the chemical found in marijuana delivering the high) in one joint to lab rats.After this administration of THC the rats were allowed access to heroin by pressing a lever. According to this study, the rats who were administered the THC took larger doses of heroin than the rats who did not receive the THC injection (Ellgren, 2007). Upon inspection of the rats brain, it was discovered the brain cells associated with positive emotions were altered by the THC dosage, thus lending the need for higher drive for more heroin than those without the THC.Ethical Issues More research is need ed in order to legislate the use of marijuana. Contemporary medicine and pharmacology are based upon the application of scientific principles and extensive clinical research to determine the safety and efficacy of a drug. Marinol, a synthetic version of the naturally occurring component of marijuana, is a well accepted, well researched, and more effective treatment than marijuana (Kraus, 2007).This approved drug, like marijuana, helps alleviate chronic pain, reduces chemotherapy-related nausea, and with HIV/AIDS treatment it helps with symptoms known as wasting syndrome. Many proponents of legalizing marijuana for these specific illnesses have not looked into marinol as a safe alternative. As a matter of fact the only difference between marinol and marijuana is that marinol does not stimulate the high associated with marijuana. Career Competencies (Psychology) Psychologists from all over the United States attest to the negative effects of cannabis.According to the Diagnostic and Sta tistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) a cannabis user can develop cannabis intoxication- development of maladaptive behavior that developed shortly after or during cannabis use cannabis intoxication delirium- a disturbance of consciousness with reduced ability to focus, sustain, or shift attention cannabis-induced psychotic disorder, with delusions- prominent hallucinations or delusions in excess of those usually associated with the intoxication and cannabis-induced anxiety disorder- prominent anxiety, panic attacks, or obsessions or compulsions that causes significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning American Psychiatric Association, (2000).The DSM has other classifications for cannabis use however the mental disturbances highlighted promote the more severe effects of continued marijuana use. Conclusion Marijuana has the reputation of being a gateway drug, although not every heroin addict started out smoking marijuana. Mari juana is prohibited and it puts individuals in circumstances where they are exposed to harder drugs, therefore if the FDA had regulations on marijuana, those individuals would never have to be exposed to those situations. In regards to the effects of marijuana, like a low sex drive, just like every medication whether it is over the counter or prescribed, there will be side effects which will affect everyone differently. Marijuana has the ability to alleviate aliments such as nausea, and other types of pain.Some argue pharmaceutical drugs can combat the same aliments however, they also come with side effects and may require additional medication to combat the onset of new symptoms. Taxation of marijuana alone would help the economy. The fact the U. S. is wasting 7. 7 billion dollars enforcing the prohibition of the substance is persuasive enough in its self, as well as the potential revenue brought in by taxing the substance like tobacco or alcohol. Keeping marijuana illegal is only keeping drug dealers in business. While law enforcement continues to chase these petty drug dealers it is costing our taxpayers millions of dollars to put and keep drug dealers behind bars.The legalizing of marijuana would benefit the economy greatly, therefor marijuana should be legalized. The use of Marijuana and Cultural difference between Japan and The United States The history of Cannabis in the country of Japan can be traced back to 300 500 BC. Cannabis was a widely used plant for the majority of Japanese culture and daily lives. Cannabis fibers were used to not only create baskets and fishing tools, but were also used in creating divine clothing for the Emperors. Burning of cannabis was also used for old traditions, for example rooms of worship were purified by burning cannabis leave by the entrance. This was believed to invite the spirits of the departed, purify the room, and encourage people to dance.Japans cultivation of Cannabis came to a halt at the end of World War II when allied forces occupied and began to help rebuild Japan. It was America General Douglas MacArthur and his colleagues who re-wrote the Japanese constitution in 1948 and mirrored many of the United States laws. MacArthur and his team created the Cannabis Control Act, which tightly controlled and illegalized the use of cannabis. Due to the extreme cultivating of cannabis and its widely uses in daily lives, Western companies found a market with providing synthetic products to replace cannabis. Today, cannabis is a drug guarded and considered taboo among the Japanese culture.The use and history of cannabis is all but forgotten within todays Japanese society, and when it is discovered people have, or are using it recreationally, they are shunned and casted as stone-cold drug addicts (Uno, 2011). Many Japanese people consider marijuana and other hard drugs to be the exact same and believe all drugs have the same effect. This ideal thinking of marijuana has lead Japan to be one of the s trictest laws and punishments compared to other developed countries. In 1993 a Disc Jockey from New York, Christopher Lavinger, was arrested and was sentenced to 16 months in prison and 35 days in solitary confinement after Japanese police found 1. 5 grams of marijuana, 3. 5 grams of cocaine, and some LSD (Hays, 2009). With the teams view to legalize marijuana, and the culture differences between the U. S. nd Japan, the first step to move towards a Pro-Marijuana Japanese country would be to educate the people on the benefits cannabis can provide. As described above, the financial profit gained would be tremendous and can go back to the people in various ways. The people would also need education on their history of using cannabis within their ancient traditions and target many high-profile figures to support the use of marijuana. Because of the strict laws and taboo views Japan has of cannabis, it would be a hard road, but the understanding and education used properly, Japan could c reate legislation that would override, or amend their constitution and current laws banning its use. References American Medical Association (AMA). (1995-2013). Retrieved from http//www. ama-assn. rg/ American Psychiatric Association, (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (4th ed. ). American Psychological Association (APA). (2013). Retrieved from http//www. apa. org/topics/addiction/index. aspx Argument Marijuana is not addictive. (n. d. ). Retrieved March 24, 2013, from http//dbp. idebate. org/en/index. php/Argument_Marijuana_is_not_addictive Bonnie, R. , Whitbread, C. (n. d). The Forbidden Fruit and the Tree of Knowledge An Inquiry into the Legal History of Historian of American Marijuana Prohibition. Schaffer Library of Drug Policy. Retrieved from http//www. druglibrary. org/schaffer/Library/studies/vlr/vlr3. htm Castleman, Michael. Marijuanas Effects on Sex Vary with Individuals. Marijuana. Ed. Noah Berlatsky. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2012. Opposing Vi ewpoints. Rpt. from Marijuana and Sex Surprising Results of This Bloggers Informal Survey. Psychology Today (1 May 2011). Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 8 Mar. 2013. Ellgren, Maria. Neurobiological effects of early life cannabis exposure in relation to the gateway hypothesis (2007). Retrieved from http//publications. ki. se/xmlui/handle/10616/38245? locale-attribute=en Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2006). Retrieved from http//www. fda. gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/2006/ucm108643. htm Hays, J. (2009).Marijuana, Legal Highs and Illegal drugs in Japan. Retrieved from http//factsanddetails. com/japan. php? itemid=664 Kraus, Mark L. Legalizing Medical Marijuana Is Not a Good Idea. Medical Marijuana. Ed. Noel Merino. Detroit Greenhaven Press, 2011. Current Controversies. Rpt. from The Dangers of Legalizing Medical Marijuana A Physicians Perspective. 2007. Opposing Viewpoints In Context. Web. 22 Mar. 2013. Marijuana use rising in U. S. , national survey shows. (2011). Retrieved March 24, 2013, from http//www. reuters. com/article/2011/09/08/usa-drugs-idUSN1E7870N520110908 Olson, D. (1998). Hempen cultrue in Japan. Retrieved from http//www. cannabisculture. om/articles/101. html/ Stirring the Pot Could Legalizing Marijuana Save the Economy?. (2013). Retrieved from http//www. forbes. com/sites/kellyphillipserb/2012/04/20/stirring-the-pot-could-legalizing-marijuana-save-the-economy/ The first report of the National Commission on marihuana (1972) signal of misunderstanding or exercise in ambiguity. (1974). Retrieved from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC1749335/ The White House President Barak Obama. (2013). Retrieved from http//m. whitehouse. gov/ondcp/marijuana Uno, M. (2011). WEED CRISIS Enter Japans Void. Retrieved from http//www. thestarklife. com/2011/06/17/weed-in-japan/

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 5

International Business - Essay Example264). The barriers to international investment and trade have decreased, and there exists enormous markets for goods and services. Companies from divergent nations are investing into many countries at an unprecedented scale, and the competition is increasing and becoming intense. The mangers now need to understand the competition from an international perspective, and consider how globalisation is alter their companies abilities to compete with other companies, and the strategies they need to adopt so as to exploit the unfolding opportunities and deal with any competitive barrier (Hill & Jones 2007, p. 264). Historical background to globalization of production and markets The past half of the 20th century has resulted into dramatic lowering of barriers to international investment and trade. For example, the average tariff rate on goods manufactured and traded surrounded by advanced nations continues to decrease from 40% to 4 %. Similarly, g everywherenments have removed regulations that prohibit foreign companies from entering into domestic markets or commiting production facilities or acquiring domestic companies. The two developments have resulted into an increase in the volume of the foreign direct investment and international trade. The volume of the world goods continues to grow faster than the world prudence since 1950. From the year 1970-2005, the volume of world merchandise traded throughout the world continues to surpass the expansion of world production. Additionally, between the year 1992- 2005, the world trade value change magnitude by 140%, the world output by 40% and the total flow of foreign direct investment globally increased by over 500%. These trends have resulted into the globalization of production and the globalization of markets (Hill & Jones 2007, p. 265). Globalization of Production Globalization of production is the tendency by many companies to source goods and services from different cou ntries around the world so as to benefit from the existing differences in the quality and the cost of factors of production such as energy, land, capital and labor. Through globalization of markets, companies reduce risks and cost and compete effectively with other companies (Weng Feng Xiang 2009, p. 9). Companies establish globally organized production system so as to integrate production activities crosswise many countries. Globally organized production also refers to global commodity compasss and is of two types Produce driven chain and Buyer driven chain. The Producer-driven chain is responsible for coordination of production networks across countries as in the production of computers. Buyer driven chains comprise of large footwear and clothing manufacturers and large retailers. Companies establish the chains in low wage economies to produce low-cost goods that have brands to represent the manufacture or retailer. A good example of a buyer driven chain in the world is the Nike Company (Needle 2010, p.19). The globalization of production increases as companies take advantage of decreasing barriers to international investment and trade to mobilize crucial aspects of their production process throughout the world. For example, foreign companies built 30% of the Boeing Company commercial jet aircrafts (777). The Boeing Company is pushing the outsourcing of its jet airliner 777 model get along to foreign companies (65%), 35% to three Japanese companies and 20% to Singapore, Italy and the United Kingdom. The reason behind outsourcing by

Health & Healing in Cross Cultural Perspective Assignment

Health & Healing in Cross Cultural Perspective - appellative Example2. What whitethorn be considered normal within one culture may be considered as abnormal in another. Despite the presence of a universally valid system of recognizing the illness and its symptoms, yet cultural differences define behaviors in their own way. This is called cultural theory of normalcy and abnormalcy. A culture defines for a person what behavior he should adopt in order to be normal. For example, average age which is late for a menstrual period to come may be different in different cultures. If a girl of 10 starts menstruating, she may be considered as abnormal in a culture where girls fall as late as fifteen. Thus, cultural differences define normal and abnormal behaviors. 3. Spirit possession empowers mountain in a way that they impart people such spiritual powers ( want in Exorcist) that are unable to get without demonic possession. This is a common perspective in many cultures that a spirit has in terpreted the control of a persons body and he undergoes such powerful changes in the personal attributes like voice and etcetera, that we can say that he gets empowered. Spirit possession enables one to be someone else. ... 4. Susto is an ethnomedical syndrome that is usually found in Latin American culture. The concept revolves around the separation of soul from the physical body of a person. The belief is that the victims soul or soul of any of the members of his family is taken away through a frightful experience. The women and children may be the victims of this soul loss rather than the person who underwent the frightful occurrence, because they are the weaker members of the family. Rubel and his colleagues found that susto was caused by self- perception of personal inadequacies when the victim is unable to meet tender expectations. Hence, social stress was found to be the cause of susto. 5. The hot-cold theory of disease, of Mexican American culture, states that an illness, like food and colors, can be associated with being hot or cold. For example, menstrual cramps are considered as cold illness while pregnancy cramps are regarded as hot. This belief tends to make people comply with the treatment carry out much more powerfully. The treatment then consists of such procedures that tend to neutralize the hotness or coldness of the disease, by treating it with a procedure of opposite quality. The wellness provider should understand the patients cultural view on this theory and should proceed accordingly. Giving cold juices in cold illness like flu may lead to patient noncompliance. Hot drinks like tea and coffee can be advised otherwise. 6. Biomedicine is a part of natural diseases causation ethnomedical system because it is based on scientific judgments and clinical procedures of treatments. It is not like primitive medicine which is based on the concept that magic and the possession of metaphysical spirits can be used in healing, nor it is like folk medicine which is based on

Sciavo Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sciavo - Case Study ExampleLater in the year 1990, Mrs. Shiavo was diagnosed with a Persistent Vegetative body politic (PVS).Her husband Mr. Schiavo accepted that her condition was very critical, and her recovery was remote since all healthcare means had failed to revive her. He decided to work on what he assumed his wife would wish. He said my wife would not have chosen to continue being kept on an artificial life-supporting machine. Mrs. Shiavos parents strongly opposed her husbands stand and subsequently one of the most popular ethical dilemmas unfolded (Perry,Churchill and Kirshner, 2005).This graphic symbol spurred controversy in the legal, medical, ethical, political and social domains. The case threatened to loosen the long-standing legal and ethical positions, which enabled individuals to control medical interventions executed on them. After so many petitions, hearings and numerous appeals, the Florida Supreme Court authorize the feeding tube to be removed on 31 of March 2005 in spite of opposition from President George Bush and the Congress but she died on 31 of March 2005. Terris case resonated with other cases that obviously influenced the Supreme Courts decision to have the feeding tube removed, which included, the case of Karen Quinlan Ann in 1976, Paul Brophy in 1986, and Nancy Cruzan in 1990 in which the patients who didnt have written advance directives. In all these cases, the courts viewed the freedom and privacy interest of the patients as arbitrary and thus, the judge argued that she would not have wished to continue living under life-prolonging measures all her life hence sanctioned the that the feeding tube be remove from her (Perry, Churchill and Kirshner, 2005)A number of legal considerations were put into perspective in the determination of this case. Firstly, she had not made any healthcare directive other than private conversations with her

National Law being non-Codified but following principle of judicial Essay

National Law being non-Codified but following principle of judicial creator - Essay modellingOn the other hand, un systemize constitutions, such as that of the UK permit considerable flexibility and scope for amendment or abolition of their contents.2It has been contended by some scholars that the UK could not entertain a codified constitution, principally due to the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty. However, this stance has been challenged by other scholars, who are firmly convinced that parliamentary sovereignty and a codified constitution can coexist. 3Precedent in the judicial context tends to deprive the judicial process of flexibility. There is an inordinate dependency on past tense events, which evolving social and political conditions tend to render irrelevant to the present. Similarly, what is decided under a particular set of circumstances today, would have to be complied with in the future, if a similar set of circumstances were to prevail. This is patently unjust and unreasonable. 5From the above discussion it becomes very clear that any system based on precedent is not in touch with the contemporary situation. Society and politics are dynamic systems, which keep evolving continuously. Such inexorable and persistent evolution necessitates a flexile approach, which is signally absent in any system based on precedent. This makes a strong case for adopting and implementing a codified constitution in the UK.Blick A, (February 2011) Codifying or not codifying the UK constitution A Literature Review accessed 4 September

To what extent is it sustainable for countries to rely on the export Essay

To what extent is it sustainable for countries to rely on the exporting of manufactured goods to take back economic growth - Essay ExampleAccording to the export-led growth hypothesis (ELGH), it is not only through increased application of labour and capital that general growth of the national economies is possible but this can also be done through raising the levels of exports. According to the proponents of ELGH, exports can serve as an locomotive engine of growth. (Smith, 2001, p. 1) This theory of export-led growth has ample practical support from various countries, especially the developing countries. In recent times, championship policies of more developing nations have hence become similar as the common believe has been that liberalization aimed at promoting exports is the panacea for all growth ills. Many unsuccessful cases of import substitution, led to swap policy shift to export promotion. The success stories of East Asian nations such as Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Ko ng and South Korea with respect to manufacturing exports have inspired others to emulate the policy of export promotion even for themselves. However, in recent times the strategy of export-led growth has received a severe drubbing as the Japanese and South Korean manufacturing export-led growth have cooled down. A major global recession would certainly cause difficulties for unhindered growth of these export-led nations. This crisis-driven slump in exports have in many countries has accentuated the significance of generating more domestic demand.The theoretical link between economic growth and trade is centuries old. The earliest proponent of the positive relationship between trade and economic growth is the classical economist Adam Smith. Subsequently, other classical economists such as James Mills, John Stuart Mill, Ricardo and Torrens improved upon the theory of Smith. Since then, the positive tinct of trade on the economy has been well established through indisputable benefits of international specialization and productivity gain. In this context, Ibrahim (2002)

Rama Plaza Building Collapse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Rama stead Building Collapse - Essay ExampleWhile the signing of agreements is a good indication of good allow, it is inherent to consider other issues which will contract that employees are treated in the best way likely. Signing go many agreements is however no guarantee that safety is going to improve. Yet, these agreements only make the relationship between workers and employers to be tortuous. It sewer non be stressed enough that much(prenominal) unfortunate events as the Rana Plaza accidents are unacceptable in any way. In this regard, unfluctuatings and industries must be able to have a good way for protecting their workers (Ehap & Salim, 67). Manufacturers must not dep devastation on rules and laws in order to protect human life. Human life is way too important, and the value of human life should not be valued based on econometrics. This means that these firms need to be able to look at these issues in a better way rather than simply creating rules and laws and loo at worker safety in a very serious way. In a modern line of credit world, competition has continued to attach in this regard there are many strategies which are mean to suspensor in making sure that businesses are competent. In this regard, business experts has create the value chain process is the life cycle a product goes through until the product gets to the end consumer (Ehap & Salim, 66). This process is a definition of the bes which the firms will have to incur in order produce a finished item. In other words, the many businesses are geared towards making sure that the firm can present the best quality of their merchandise to their consumer while offering them the best price possible. This has led to businesses trying as much as possible to reduce their operational approachs (Ehap & Salim, 78). In this case, human resource has been affected because firms have tried as much as possible to reduce the cost of human labour, leading to firms in the first world to outsource thei r labour aboard (especially in China) in order to have cheap labour. This means that events such as the Rana Plaza industrial accident can be traced back to the consumer. To prevent this in the future, it is necessary to involve the consumer and help them understand the real(a) cost of the product thy use. Some cheap products in the market are paid for in blood because humans have been abused to make these products. This can be seen in the way the Chinese sweat houses are used to make low cost garments. This has been seen in other various cases such as in Apple Inc., Nike etc. Consumers need to be educated about these issues and encouraged to avoid blood-products (in other words, products whose real cost is human blood.) by educating the end consumers on these issues it will be possible to avoid instances such as the Rana Plaza. In doing so, firms must be forced to reveal the actual cost structure of producing their products in order to identify any blood cost in their production o f goods or in their value chain. From a single business point of view, there is therefore a need to create a solution which is not really considerate of the economic efficiency. Businesses have responsibilities which are even to various stakeholders and these responsibilities must be met before economic efficiency can be considered. However, in the long run, focusing on these responsibilities will also help individual businesses to save in the long run. A firm

Starkey HR Ltd Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Starkey HR Ltd - Essay ExampleRedundancies should be a affaire of last resort. Starkey must initially make efforts to identify the employees with special skills and experience and retain them. Reducing working time, pay cut, temporary leaves, less dependence on casual staff are some of the desirable measures. If redundancies are inevitable, a voluntary redundancy scheme should be employed. The offers of the scheme should be clearly adumbrate and sent to all applicable employees. In case of forced redundancies, the method of selection should be fair and non-discriminatory that takes the expertise and experience into consideration.Redundancy is enhanced in companies where statutory entitlements are low. The redundancy packages in most EU countries are quite high in comparison to the UK with a few exceptions such as the Netherlands and France. The intermediate redundancy pay in the EU is more than twice the amount paid by employers in the UK. Under EU regulation, workers are supposed to be informed and consulted in any case of redundancies. Additionally, companies need to determine a threshold level for the redundancy and are determined by the size of the work force and number of required redundancies.Forecasting allows a business to create and modify the financial and promotional strategy of a company in addition to allowing it to keep principal of the performance of all requisite parameters, which play a crucial role in decision making and implementing the required changes to existing strategy.

Introduction to the Old Testament and Pentateuch Essay

Introduction to the Old Testament and Pentateuch - Essay ExampleThis section significantly cover the origin and fall of man beginning in the time of Adam and Eve then Noah and the Great Flood up to the tower of Babel the moment the passkey confused the language of the whole world. Section II (Genesis 12 36) conveys the narrative of the patriarchs and matriarchs from Abraham and Sarah to Isaac and Rebecca then later descendants in Jacob who married Leah and Rachel. In this section, divinitys covenant with Abraham is made known the Covenant of Circumcision, where God spoke to Abraham and told him that he would become the father of many nations. The destruction of the sinful cities Sodom and Gomorrah by two of Gods angels as well as how Jacob obtained the name Israel are accounted for herein. Section III (Genesis 37, 39 - 50) initiates with the story of Joseph and his dreams and the moment his brothers sold him to the Ishmaelites from whom Potiphar bought him in Egypt. This narrati ve win includes Josephs journey in Egypt, his prosperity through the Pharaoh whose dreams he satisfactorily interpreted, and the time when he revealed himself to his brothers. The section also comprised rich details considering how Joseph took charge of the shortfall in both Egypt and Canaan and ends with the blessings and death of Jacob. (2) The Four Sources of the Pentateuch The Pentateuch was written over about five centuries from the 11th to the 6th century B.C. and then collected and emended during the expat by the scholars who, in the last two centuries, performed thorough analytical study of the first five books especially of the alternate uses of the sacred name of YHWH with the generic noun for divinity, elohim. As collector and editor of the Pentateuch at the time of the Exile, they carefully joined four ejaculates into the Pentateuch. These are the so-called Yahwist, Elohist, Priestly, and Deuteronomist sources and are usually abbreviated as J, E P, and D. Each source is distinct in its own theological view appoint and literary style to the books of the Pentateuch which may be observed upon critical reading. The Yahwist Source The Yahwist source prefers to use the sacred tetragrammaton the four Hebrew consonants = YHWH, which was pronounced as Yahweh, Gods personal name revealed to Moses at the Burning Bush. In literary style, the Yahwist is concrete and imaginative, using anthropomorphism in human form in its theological description of YHWHs activities. The Yahwist was a collector of the old legendary stories of the mythic ancestors. The Yahwist writes from the point of view of the south during the time of the Divided Monarchy. The Elohist Source In contrast to the Yahwist source, the Elohist source prefers to use the generic common noun for God, elohim. The Elohist is sober and moralistic. The Elohist writes from the point of view of the northern kingdom during the time of the Divided Monarchy. The Priestly Source The Priestly source concentr ates on genealogies and on the traditions of the Israelite priests. The Priestly author at the end of the Babylonian Exile may have done the compiling and editing of the Pentateuch. The Deuteronomist Source The Deuteronomist source, written at the end of the monarchy, is characterized by its

Punishment and Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Punishment and Society - Essay Example108). accord to Wendy (2005, p. 108), these authors vary in their focus on particular elements, there is a full general agreement that the nature of punishment changes through the historical transition from primitive or early tribal law to the development of modern legal systems. first tribal law is also called primitive legal systems is linked to small homogeneous and undifferentiated societies. This paper will assume a period in mid 19th century (1840s- 1860s) and look into how matters of theft, infanticide and rioting would be dealt with as at that time based on evidence from similar cases handled during this period. It is worthwhile to line of merchandise that the period quoted in this question refers to a time in which the children and adults were treated the same in judgment (Centre on Juvenile and Criminal Justice 2006, p. 6). subject area of Jack Martin VS Lord Master Man In this case Jack Martin, a 10 year- grey-haired boy is convi cted of the theft of two rabbits from Lord Master Mans land.According to law in the 19th century this case would have counted as Petty Larceny especially if the value of the rabbits did not exceed a shilling. Also, it qualification be anticipate that the value of rabbits would exceed one shilling and in that occasion, this case would be counted as Grand Larceny. Either way, Jack would have a case to answer especially if evidence is sufficient. However, based on the case of Cooper Vs Walker, 1851, another consideration may arise. This case of Cooper Vs Walker relates to a market gardener of Beeston, Robert Cooper, an agricultural laborer John Walker and the theft of some onions. The census statistics of 1851 for Girt-ford near Sandy shows John Walker then a boy of 10 years old living with his parents William and Mary. John was the youngest of the four children, Thomas (15) Daniel (13) and Sarah (12). Records shows John to had been laborer at this age opposed to what would have been expected of him being a pupil. In 1861 notwithstanding John had been accused of assault but was released after two months of imprisonment. He seems to have been set fair for a life of crime and indeed between September 1861 and March 1874 he had 14 convictions for petty offences (Victorian Crime and Punishment 2006, p. 18) There was noticeable difference however between Robert Cooper and Johns family. The census statistics of 1871 for Beeston, also near Sandy, shows Robert to have been a young man of 27 years living with his 24 year old wife, Elizabeth and their three young children John (4), Charles (3) and Maud, a year old. The Coopers were rich enough to employ a living-in servant Jane Martin. They had wealth generated from their market gardening activities which were plasticized on a piece of 43 acres of land. On 13th September 1873 it is reported that as Cooper was sitting near the hedge bordering one of his fields where there were heaps of onions lying in the field, he watch ed as John Walker who, until the previous day had worked for him pick onions from these heaps. Walker picked about a peck from all heap and then smoothened out the heap so as to conceal the disturbance. He then used a sack to carry the stolen onions. This

Nanomaterials in Consumer Products Research Paper

Nanomaterials in Consumer Products - Research Paper ExampleBefore delving deep into the topic, it is crucial that the reader understands a few concepts in relation to nanomaterials. Nanotechnology, to draw with, refers to the control of the structure and behavior of matter at the atomic or molecular level. This is done so as to create new functions of the materials, systems, or devices from a bottom-up approach. The use of nanotechnology uses the concepts such as those that dictate the different behavior of matter at different sizes. For example, gold is yellow in color, however, the color changes in relation to the sizes of the plates as that determine their ability to reflect light. In nanotechnology, very pocket-sized materials are used, smaller than 100nm in size (Roduner 503). For the sake of the paper, and for an elaboration of how small a nanometer is, it should be known that the particle is compeer to 10 hydrogen atoms. A grain of sand, on the other hand, equals to a milli on nanometers. Materials equal to these sizes are known as nanomaterials and are now being used in physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, engineering, and material science.Carbon exists in every form imaginable. The basal composition of glucose, for instance, is made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The air that plants use so that they can produce glucose or starch, also, has to contain carbon in the form of carbon dioxide. To tally to that, carbon forms a critical part of fossil fuels. In fact, the fuels are known as hydrocarbons because they contain carbon as a basic component.

Corporate Governance Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Corporate Governance Coursework - Essay ExampleThis creates a situation where, the CEOs are tasked with end management while the board of directors charged with decision control on behalf of a public corporations shareholders. This means that the public shareholders do not engage directly in running the personal business of their Company. As such, effective incorporate governance is necessary to ensure that those charged with running a public corporation engage in good practices (Shleifer & Robert 1997, p.743). more or less public corporations tend to experience an incentive problem. Accordingly, those tasked with the management of the public corporation are not the owners (shareholders) or stakeholders who have an interest in the success of a public corporation. For example, the top managers (CEO) are a paid professional and may have their self-interests. As such, solving the problem where senior managers make decisions that are guide by personal interests and not the sharehold ers, require a system of checks and balances (Shleifer & Robert 1997, p.751).The governance systems in an organization may include the board of directors, whose purpose involves, for instance, hiring of the management. In addition, hiring the go of an external auditor is also necessary to check regularly on the accuracy of financial statements in an organization. Further, other constituents, for example, the media and regulators have an important role to cheer in terms of enhancing corporate governance in larger organizations that serves the risk bearing constituents (Harris & Ravis 2010, p.4118). Where the CEO and the board of directors work on behalf of the public shareholders, good corporate governance is critical. In this sense, the institutional systems and measures of enhancing accountability and proper ethics are necessary for efficient management of large organizations (Harris & Ravis 2010, p.4121). This paper explores

The Balanced Scorecard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

The Balanced Scorecard - Essay ExampleThis direction is centrally provided in four dimensions which include financial, customer, internal process and training and branch perspectives. SASA is an International Holdings Limited retailing group providing cosmetics. It is incorporated in Hong Kong, at once enjoys the position of leading cosmetic supplier from Asia. The success of SASA like some(prenominal) other business is the reflection of the effective strategic management. For continuing the practice of effective strategic management, the underlying report develops the Balance Score Card for the SASA party for the further organized and effective strategic management. Hence, the accounting manager of SASA presents BSC plan to the strategic management of the company. COMPANY REVIEW Established in 1978 in Hong Kong, SASA now owns over 600 brands with 17,000 products to fulfill the customers cosmetics needs. SASA now successfully serves customers on more than 270 counters including stores and other options. In additional, service to customers is also provided on online platform. Euromonitor 2013 rated SASA the largest cosmetic range of mountains among the top 500 retailers of Asia and among the top ten Hong Kongs retailer groups (SASA, 2013a). ... Under this domain, Sa Sa has around 260 multi brand store and seven specific specialty store in addition to the online service. The brand Management section encompasses nearly 100 brands exclusive and is only brand manager in Hong Kong (SASA, 2013a). EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT Cosmetic exertion in Hong Kong is dominated by the importations from foreign market including France (US $1.7 Bn 2012) and USA (US$ 425 Bn in 2012). Hence, market is dominated by the foreign market therefore, offers attractive potential for growth for the brand management section of the Sa Sa. The forecasted growth for future of the mentioned import is 13 percent and 15 percent in 2013 and 2014 respectively. Nearly, 35 million tourists from China in 2012 landed and offered potential to the Hong Kong market of Cosmetics and offers wide expansion opportunity to the locals businesses and foreign brands. It is important to mention, that though the potential to growth is extensive as no import duties are charged however, the market is very competitive and top ten cosmetic provided hold 70 percent of the market (Export. gov, 2013). MISSION The mission record of SASA clearly identifies its way of doing business. Mission identifies clearly that business concerned to work in four dimensions that include customers, employees, suppliers and overall society (SASA, 2013b). Every strategy of SASA is enjoin by leveraging expertise and benefits to and from these four pillars of SASA. VISSION The vision of SASA is to develop expanded foot prints with retail value added cosmetics and professional beauty expert service provider in the global market with central focus in mainland in China (SASA, 2013b). INTERNAL STRENGTHS ASSESSMENT (SWOT) Sa Sa is well reputed brand of Hong Kong in cosmetics industry.